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The Silk Road Explained

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Xi'an (Chang'an)

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Significance: Ancient capital of China and the starting point of the Silk Road. Goods Traded: Silk, paper, and bronze ware.

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Samarkand

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Significance: A key trade center in Central Asia and a melting pot of world cultures. Goods Traded: Paper, spices, and precious stones.

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Bukhara

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Significance: Known as a center for scholarship and culture. Goods Traded: Carpets, textiles, and spices.

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Dunhuang

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Significance: A major stop on the Silk Road near the edge of the Gobi Desert; famous for the Mogao Caves. Goods Traded: Silk, tea, and jade.

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Merv

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Significance: One of the world's largest cities during the Silk Road's peak; a center of learning. Goods Traded: Cotton textiles, dyes, and grains.

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Kashgar

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Significance: A key junction of the northern and southern Silk Road routes. Goods Traded: Silk, spices, and semi-precious stones.

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Ganzhou (Zhangye)

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Significance: A major commercial town during the Han Dynasty. Goods Traded: Chinese silk, woolen goods, and gold.

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Ctesiphon

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Significance: Capital of the Parthian Empire and a key cultural and trade site. Goods Traded: Wool, tapestries, and dates.

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Palmyra

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Significance: A wealthy trading oasis and a connector between Roman and Persian Empires. Goods Traded: Glassware, perfumes, and textiles.

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Alexandria Eschate

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Significance: The 'farthest' Alexandria founded by Alexander the Great, it became a melting pot of cultures. Goods Traded: Ironware, gold products, and cloth.

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Turpan

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Significance: An important oasis city on the Silk Road, known for its vineyards. Goods Traded: Grapes, melons, and woven rugs.

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Antioch

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Significance: A major city of the Roman Empire and a starting point for the western end of the Silk Road. Goods Traded: Luxury goods, silverware, and spices.

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Tashkent

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Significance: A prosperous Silk Road city, now the capital of Uzbekistan. Goods Traded: Rice, leather goods, and ceramics.

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Hatra

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Significance: An ancient fortified city that withstood Roman invasions and thrived on the Silk Road. Goods Traded: Ivory, silks, and spices.

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The Great Wall of China

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Significance: A series of fortifications that protected the Silk Road traders from northern invaders. Goods Traded: Silk, tea, and porcelain.

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