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Historical Alliances and Pacts
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Member countries (as of the knowledge cutoff date): 30 NATO member countries including the USA, UK, Canada, Germany, and France. Established in 1949.
The Triple Entente
Member countries: France, Russia, and the United Kingdom. Established in 1907.
The Triple Alliance
Member countries: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. Established in 1882.
The Warsaw Pact
Member countries: Soviet Union, Albania, Poland, Romania, Hungary, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, and Bulgaria. Established in 1955.
The League of Nations
Member countries: 58 members at its peak including France, the UK, Italy, and Japan. Established in 1920.
The Central Powers
Member countries: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria. Active during World War I.
The Allied Powers (World War I)
Member countries: Main powers included France, Russia, the UK, Italy, and the USA. Active during World War I.
The Allied Powers (World War II)
Member countries: Major powers included the USSR, the USA, China, and the UK. Active during World War II.
The Axis Powers
Member countries: Germany, Italy, and Japan were the three major Axis powers during World War II.
The Holy Alliance
Member countries: Russia, Austria, and Prussia. Established in 1815.
The Concert of Europe
Member countries: UK, Austria, Russia, and Prussia later joined by France. Established in 1815.
The Quadruple Alliance
Member countries: UK, Austria, Prussia, and Russia. Established in 1815.
The Entente Cordiale
Member countries: France and the United Kingdom. Established in 1904.
The Delian League
Member city-states: Led by Athens with over 300 other member city-states. Established in 478 BC.
The Peloponnesian League
Member city-states: Led by Sparta with various other Greek city-states. Active during the 5th century BC.
The Franco-Russian Alliance
Member countries: France and Russia. Established in 1892.
The Anti-Comintern Pact
Member countries: Initially Germany and Japan, later joined by Italy and other countries. Established in 1936.
The Treaty of Brussels
Member countries: UK, France, Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg. Established in 1948.
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
Member countries: China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Established in 2001.
The ANZUS Pact
Member countries: Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. Established in 1951.
The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)
Member countries: Philippines, Thailand, Pakistan, the United States, Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom, and France. Established in 1954.
The Latin League
Member city-states: Several ancient Latin city-states including Rome. Established around the 7th century BC.
The League of Cambrai
Member countries: Pope Julius II, Louis XII of France, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I, and Ferdinand II of Aragon. Established in 1508.
The Covenant of the League of Nations
Established as part of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919.
The Aswan Pact
Member countries: Egypt and Sudan. Established in 1956.
The Austro-German Alliance
Member countries: Austria-Hungary and Germany. Established in 1879.
The Dual Alliance
Member countries: The French Third Republic and the Russian Empire. Established in 1894.
The Pact of Steel
Member countries: Nazi Germany and Italy. Established in 1939.
The Metternich System
Led by Prince Metternich of Austria following the Napoleonic Wars, involving multiple European powers.
The Tashkent Agreement
Countries involved: India and Pakistan. Established in 1966.
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