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1927-1950, Establishment of People's Republic of China, Taiwan-China split

1919-1921, Anglo-Irish Treaty, Ireland's independence as the Irish Free State

1953-1959, Establishment of communist state, shift from US to Soviet influence

1821-1830, Establishment of Greece as an independent state, intervention by Great Britain, France, and Russia

1868, Re-opening of Japan to western relations, modernization of Japan

1955-1975, Reunification of Vietnam under communist rule, withdrawal of American influence in Indochina

1905, Concessions by Tsar Nicholas II, increased foreign influence in Russia

1917, Withdrawal from WWI, establishment of the Soviet Union

1791-1804, Haiti's independence, isolation by major powers

1776-1783, Recognition of United States by France, Netherlands, and Spain

1954-1962, End of French colonial rule in Algeria, eviction of the French from North Africa

1911-1912, End of imperial China, establishment of Republic of China

1956, Temporary withdrawal from Warsaw Pact, later Soviet military intervention

1848, Temporary alteration in European alliances, little long-term change

1986, Restoration of democracy in the Philippines, end of Marcos dictatorship

1978-1979, Establishment of Islamic Republic, shift from American to Soviet Union's influence

1978-1990, Overthrow of Somoza dictatorship, shift from U.S. support to socialist alignment

1789-1799, Coalition formed against Revolutionary France, beginning of Napoleonic Wars

1994, Increased recognition of indigenous rights, shift in Mexican social policy

2011, Overthrow of Hosni Mubarak, brief period of democratic opening

1989, German reunification, end of the Cold War's strict East-West divide

2014, Overthrow of President Yanukovych, Russia's annexation of Crimea and the conflict in Eastern Ukraine

1989, Peaceful transition from communism to democracy, split into Czech Republic and Slovakia

1961-1991, Eritrea's independence from Ethiopia, altered regional politics in the Horn of Africa

1989, Fall of communist rule, execution of Nicolae Ceaușescu

1991, Creation of 15 independent states, reshaping of international relations post-Cold War

2011-present, Ongoing conflict, shifts in regional and global alliances

2011, Overthrow and death of Muammar Gaddafi, transitional government formed