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United Nations Milestones
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End of the UN Trusteeship Council's operations
1994, With the independence of Palau, the last remaining United Nations trust territory, the Trusteeship Council suspended operations.
The opening of the International Court of Justice (ICJ)
1946, As the principal judicial organ of the UN, the ICJ settles legal disputes between states according to international law.
Establishment of the Human Rights Council
2006, To replace the former UN Commission on Human Rights, this body was designed to address human rights violations.
The adoption of the Paris Agreement under the UNFCCC
2015, An international agreement to combat climate change by limiting global warming to below 2 degrees Celsius.
Cuban Missile Crisis
1962, The UN played a critical role in mediating a solution to one of the Cold War's most dangerous confrontations.
Launch of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
2015, These global goals succeeded the MDGs, with an expanded agenda for sustainable development to be achieved by 2030.
Adoption of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
1992, Signed at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, the convention deals with all aspects of biological diversity: genetic resources, species, and ecosystems.
UN headquarters permanently established in New York City
1952, The opening of the official headquarters marked a commitment to a permanent base for international diplomacy.
UN Security Council Resolution 1325 on women, peace, and security
2000, This resolution acknowledged the disproportionate and unique impact of armed conflict on women and girls.
First UN peacekeeping mission
1948, Began with the deployment of the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) to the Middle East.
Adoption of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) doctrine
2005, World leaders agreed to protect populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity.
The International Criminal Court is established by the Rome Statute
1998, Though not an official UN body, it was established with UN support to prosecute individuals for international crimes like genocide and war crimes.
The United Nations Climate Change Conferences
Annual events from 1995, Gatherings under the UNFCCC framework to assess progress in dealing with climate change and negotiate obligations for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
UN Security Council Resolution 242
1967, Issued after the Six-Day War, it emphasized the 'inadmissibility of the acquisition of territory by war' and called for withdrawal of Israeli armed forces.
Admission of new member states
1955, A significant year for decolonization as many new countries joined the UN following independence.
The Millennium Summit and the adoption of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
2000, The largest gathering of world leaders aimed at establishing clear goals for reducing poverty, disease, and inequality.
Operation of the Oil-for-Food Programme
1996, Launched to alleviate Iraqi people's suffering under UN-imposed sanctions by allowing Iraq to sell oil in exchange for humanitarian goods.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1948, A milestone document in the history of human rights that set out fundamental human rights to be universally protected.
The first UN Environment Conference
1972, The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm marked the beginning of a global focus on the environment within the UN.
The 1st UN World Food Conference
1974, This conference was called in response to worldwide food shortages and the global food crisis.
Formation of the UN
1945, Established to promote international cooperation and prevent future conflicts after WWII.
Creation of the UN's Women's Agency (UN Women)
2010, Formed to address the challenges of gender inequality and advocate for women's empowerment around the world.
First session of the UN General Assembly
1946, The inaugural gathering of all member nations to discuss global issues and set the agenda for the UN.
Adoption of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea
1982, A comprehensive regime of law and order in the world's oceans and seas establishing rules governing all uses of the oceans and their resources.
The adoption of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)
1968, This treaty aimed to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology.
The Stockholm Declaration
1972, Principles for the preservation and enhancement of the human environment were established at the UN Conference on the Human Environment.
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) establishment
1964, Established to integrate developing countries more fully into the world economy.
Establishment of the UN Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD)
1992, Created to ensure effective follow-up of the Earth Summit and to monitor and report on the implementation of the Earth Summit agreements.
UN Conference on Women
1975, Held in Mexico City, this conference was fundamental in advancing global women's rights and issues.
San Francisco Conference
1945, Representatives from 50 countries met to draft the United Nations Charter, establishing the UN to maintain worldwide peace and security.
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