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Guerilla Warfare Tactics
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Ambush
A surprise attack by concealed forces designed to strike a weak point. Historically employed by guerrilla fighters against larger, conventional forces, such as during the Vietnam War by the Viet Cong.
Sabotage
The act of damaging, destroying, or disrupting an enemy's resources or infrastructure. Historically, French Resistance used sabotage to hinder German operations during WWII.
Hit-and-Run
Tactic involving swift, surprise attacks followed by a quick withdrawal from combat. Utilized effectively by Francis Marion, the 'Swamp Fox', during the American Revolutionary War.
Scorched Earth
Destroying anything that might be useful to the enemy while retreating. Infamously used by the Soviet Union against Nazi Germany during WWII as they retreated eastward.
Propaganda
A tool to influence public opinion and morale, often using misinformation. Employed by Che Guevara during the Cuban Revolution to gain support and undermine the Batista regime.
Tunnel Warfare
The use of tunnel networks for military advantage, often for surprise attacks or supply routes. Historically significant in the Vietnam War with the Cu Chi tunnels.
Cellular Structure
Organizational strategy involving small, independent groups (cells) to limit information loss if one is compromised. Used by many modern terrorist organizations to maintain secrecy and operational integrity.
Subversion
The effort to undermine the power and authority of an entity by infiltration or incitement. Often pivotal in Cold War espionage and the support of proxy wars.
Asymmetric Warfare
Conflict between parties of unequal strength. Insurgent groups often rely on this tactic to level the playing field against stronger militaries, as seen in the Afghan mujahideen's fight against the Soviet Union.
Guerrilla Garden
Concealed crop planting to sustain guerrilla forces without relying on external supply lines. Notably used by Viet Cong to support their troops.
Urban Warfare
Combat conducted in urban areas. Guerrilla fighters often blend in with civilians to ambush enemy forces, as seen with the battle tactics used by Fidel Castro's fighters in the Battle of Santa Clara.
False Flag Operations
Covert operations designed to deceive by appearing as if they are carried out by other entities. The term originated from the naval practice of flying a flag of a different country.
Decoying
The use of deception to draw the enemy into traps or away from key positions. Effectively used by T.E. Lawrence ('Lawrence of Arabia') during the Arab Revolt in World War I.
Intelligence Gathering
Collecting information about an enemy's capabilities, intentions, or activities. Essential to the planning and execution of guerrilla operations seen in the work of the Underground Railroad in the American Civil War.
Sniping
Employing skilled marksmen to target high-value enemy personnel. Utilized extensively by Soviet snipers such as Vasily Zaytsev during the Battle of Stalingrad in WWII.
Psychological Warfare
The use of psychological tactics to demoralize the enemy, such as spreading rumors or false information. Historically, famously employed by the North Vietnamese against American troops.
Raids
Sudden attacks on enemy territory to cause damage or obtain intelligence. Integral to British commando operations during WWII and the tactics of the Boer commandos in the Second Boer War.
Booby Traps
Explosive or non-explosive devices set up to be triggered by unsuspecting enemies. Used extensively by the Viet Cong to injure or kill U.S. soldiers during the Vietnam War.
Cyber Warfare
The use of digital attacks to disrupt enemy's information systems. Although not a traditional guerrilla tactic, it has contemporary relevance with instances like the Stuxnet virus against Iranian nuclear facilities.
Dead Drops
A method of espionage tradecraft used to pass information or equipment between individuals using a secret location. Integral to covert communication strategies during the Cold War.
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