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Major Military Coups
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Portugal
Year: 1974, Outcome: The Carnation Revolution, which ended the Estado Novo regime and led to democratic reforms.
Greece
Year: 1967, Outcome: Rise of the 'Regime of the Colonels,' seven years of military dictatorship.
Mali
Year: 2012, Outcome: The democratic government under Amadou Toumani Touré was overthrown, leading to a fractured control of the country.
Libya
Year: 1969, Outcome: Muammar Gaddafi overthrew the king and established a revolutionary government.
Nigeria
Year: 1983, Outcome: The military overthrew the civilian government leading to Muhammadu Buhari's regime.
Chile
Year: 1973, Outcome: Augusto Pinochet took power, leading to a 17-year dictatorship.
Turkey
Year: 1980, Outcome: Military rule until 1983, establishment of a new constitution.
Argentina
Year: 1976, Outcome: The start of the National Reorganization Process and a military junta until 1983.
Sudan
Year: 1989, Outcome: Omar al-Bashir ousted the elected government and ruled until 2019.
Pakistan
Year: 1999, Outcome: General Pervez Musharraf seized power and became President until 2008.
Thailand
Year: 2014, Outcome: Military government led by General Prayuth Chan-ocha, followed by a new constitution and elections.
Iran
Year: 1953, Outcome: Mohammad Mosaddegh was overthrown, and the Shah reasserted his control with the help of the US and UK.
Panama
Year: 1968, Outcome: Military junta led by Omar Torrijos, and later Manuel Noriega, unitary until the US invasion in 1989.
Bolivia
Year: 1980, Outcome: Corruption, drug-trafficking, and instability until democracy was restored in 1982.
Burkina Faso
Year: 1987, Outcome: Thomas Sankara was killed and replaced by Blaise Compaoré, who ruled for 27 years.
Egypt
Year: 2013, Outcome: President Mohamed Morsi was overthrown, leading to Abdel Fattah el-Sisi’s rise to power.
Spain
Year: 1981, Outcome: The attempted coup failed to gain widespread support and democracy was preserved.
Fiji
Year: 2006, Outcome: Commodore Frank Bainimarama took control, leading to political turmoil and strained international relations.
Zimbabwe
Year: 2017, Outcome: Robert Mugabe was ousted after 37 years in power, leading to Emmerson Mnangagwa’s presidency.
Central African Republic
Year: 2003, Outcome: President Ange-Félix Patassé was overthrown by François Bozizé, who ruled until 2013.
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