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The Artillery Evolution

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Trebuchet

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Middle Ages; Siege warfare, capable of hurling large stones to breach fortifications.

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Coastal Artillery

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Late 19th to mid-20th century; Positioned along coastlines to prevent naval invasions.

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Field Gun

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17th century to mid-20th century; Versatile artillery piece designed for mobility and direct fire.

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Railway Gun

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World War I to World War II; Mounted on railway cars to provide long-range bombardment.

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Rocket Artillery

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20th century to present; Launches unguided rockets in high volumes, used for saturation bombardment.

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Siege Cannon

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Middle Ages & Renaissance; Intended to break through fortress walls or castle gates.

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Howitzer

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17th century to present; Designed for high trajectory fire to hit targets behind cover or fortifications.

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Anti-Aircraft Gun

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Early 20th century to present; Specifically designed for destroying aircraft.

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Atomic Cannon

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1950s; Developed during the Cold War to fire nuclear artillery shells.

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Recoilless Rifle

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World War II to present; Lightweight artillery piece that negates recoil by allowing gases to escape from the rear.

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Anti-Tank Gun

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World War I to present; Designed to penetrate armored vehicles.

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Ballista

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Ancient period; Resembles a giant crossbow and was used to shoot large projectiles, such as bolts or stones.

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Divisional Artillery

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20th century; Integrated into army divisions to provide fire support and suppress enemy defenses.

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Stone-Throwing Mangonel

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Antiquity to Middle Ages; An early form of catapult used for siege warfare, hurling stones and burning materials.

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Cannon

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14th century onwards; Revolutionized warfare with its ability to fire metal projectiles over longer distances.

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Napoleonic Cannon

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Late 18th to early 19th century; Dominated battlefields during the Napoleonic Wars with its improved range and firepower.

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Self-Propelled Artillery

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World War II to present; Artillery mounted on a vehicle capable of self-deployment and providing mobile fire support.

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Mortar

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Renaissance to present; Mainly employed for short range indirect fire support.

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Catapult

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Antiquity to Middle Ages; Used to hurl stones and other missiles over enemy walls or into their formations.

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Breech-Loading Cannon

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Mid-19th century to present; Utilizes a rear loading mechanism for faster reloading and better gas sealing.

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