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Major 20th Century Philosophers
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Ludwig Wittgenstein
Philosophy of Language, Analytic Philosophy; Key Works: Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, Philosophical Investigations
Martin Heidegger
Existentialism, Phenomenology; Key Works: Being and Time, 'The Question Concerning Technology'
Jean-Paul Sartre
Existentialism, Phenomenology; Key Works: Being and Nothingness, Existentialism is a Humanism
Simone de Beauvoir
Existentialism, Feminism; Key Works: The Second Sex, The Ethics of Ambiguity
Albert Camus
Absurdism, Existentialism; Key Works: The Stranger, The Myth of Sisyphus
Hannah Arendt
Political Theory, Philosophy of History; Key Works: The Human Condition, Eichmann in Jerusalem
Michel Foucault
Post-structuralism, Social Theory; Key Works: The Order of Things, Discipline and Punish, The History of Sexuality
Jacques Derrida
Deconstruction, Post-structuralism; Key Works: Of Grammatology, Writing and Difference, Specters of Marx
Karl Popper
Philosophy of Science; Key Works: The Logic of Scientific Discovery, The Open Society and Its Enemies
Thomas Kuhn
Philosophy of Science; Key Works: The Structure of Scientific Revolutions
Jürgen Habermas
Critical Theory, Pragmatism; Key Works: The Theory of Communicative Action, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere
Paul Feyerabend
Philosophy of Science; Key Works: Against Method, Science in a Free Society
Jean-François Lyotard
Postmodernism, Post-structuralism; Key Works: The Postmodern Condition, The Differend: Phrases in Dispute
Alasdair MacIntyre
Virtue Ethics, Ethics; Key Works: After Virtue, Whose Justice? Which Rationality?
Richard Rorty
Pragmatism, Philosophy of Language; Key Works: Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature, Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity
Noam Chomsky
Philosophy of Language, Cognitive Science; Key Works: Syntactic Structures, Manufacturing Consent
Gilles Deleuze
Post-structuralism, Philosophy of Difference; Key Works: Anti-Oedipus, A Thousand Plateaus, Difference and Repetition
Felix Guattari
Psychoanalysis, Schizoanalysis; Key Works: Anti-Oedipus, A Thousand Plateaus (with Gilles Deleuze)
Judith Butler
Feminism, Gender Theory; Key Works: Gender Trouble, Bodies That Matter
John Rawls
Political Philosophy; Key Works: A Theory of Justice, Political Liberalism
Robert Nozick
Political Philosophy; Key Works: Anarchy, State, and Utopia
Michel de Certeau
Cultural Theory, Social Theory; Key Works: The Practice of Everyday Life
Herbert Marcuse
Critical Theory, Political Philosophy; Key Works: One-Dimensional Man, Eros and Civilization
Cornel West
Social Criticism, Democratic Theory; Key Works: Race Matters, Democracy Matters
Zygmunt Bauman
Sociology, Postmodernity; Key Works: Liquid Modernity, Modernity and the Holocaust
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