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Hotel Revenue Management

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Definition of Revenue Management

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Revenue Management is the practice of maximizing a company's revenues while selling the same amount of products or services. It involves understanding, anticipating, and influencing consumer behavior in order to maximize revenue from a fixed, perishable inventory.

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The Concept of Perishable Inventory

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Perishable Inventory in the context of hotels refers to the availability of hotel rooms; if a room isn’t booked for a night, that room revenue cannot be recaptured.

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Yield Management

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Yield Management is a variable pricing strategy based on understanding, anticipating, and influencing traveler behavior to maximize revenue from a fixed, perishable resource.

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Dynamic Pricing

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Dynamic Pricing is a strategy that involves varying prices for goods or services based on real-time demand and other external factors, used extensively in hotel revenue management.

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Historical Data Analysis

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Historical Data Analysis in revenue management involves studying past booking patterns, pricing, and revenue to forecast future demand and optimize pricing strategies.

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Occupancy Rate

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Occupancy Rate is a metric used in hotel revenue management that represents the ratio of rented or used rooms to the total number of available rooms.

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Average Daily Rate (ADR)

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The Average Daily Rate (ADR) is a metric that measures the average price paid per room sold, calculated by dividing total room revenue by the number of rooms sold.

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Revenue Per Available Room (RevPAR)

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Revenue Per Available Room (RevPAR) is a performance metric in the hotel industry, calculated by multiplying the ADR by the occupancy rate.

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Market Segmentation

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Market Segmentation in revenue management is the process of dividing a market of potential customers into groups or segments based on different characteristics to maximize sales and revenue.

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Overbooking Strategy

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Overbooking is a revenue management strategy where more rooms are sold than available, based on anticipated cancellations, to maximize room revenue.

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Channel Management

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Channel Management refers to the tactics and strategies used in managing distribution channels to optimize revenue. These channels can include direct sales, online travel agents, and third-party retailers.

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Capacity Management

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Capacity Management is the process of managing a service's or property’s capacity to ensure customer demand is met without overprovisioning resources.

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Demand Forecasting

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Demand Forecasting is a critical component of revenue management, predicting future customer demand through historical data, trends, and other predictive analytics to make informed pricing decisions.

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Discount Allocation

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Discount Allocation is the strategy of determining the quantity of rooms to sell at various discounted rates in order to optimize overall revenue.

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Group Pricing

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Group Pricing involves creating pricing strategies specialized for group bookings to ensure profit maximization while considering the price sensitivity and demand of group consumers.

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Length of Stay (LOS) Restrictions

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LOS restrictions involve setting minimum or maximum stay requirements on room bookings to optimize room availability and revenue based on forecasted demand.

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Fencing

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Fencing in revenue management refers to the creation of rate fences or conditions which differentiate pricing levels, such as non-refundable rates vs. flexible rates.

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Rate Parity

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Rate Parity is a legal or contractual requirement wherein a hotel ensures consistent pricing across all distribution channels.

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Upselling and Cross-Selling

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Upselling involves encouraging customers to purchase a higher-end product than they originally intended, while cross-selling invites customers to buy related or complementary items. Both techniques aim to increase overall revenue.

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Gross Operating Profit Per Available Room (GOPPAR)

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Gross Operating Profit Per Available Room (GOPPAR) is a profitability metric in hotel revenue management, calculated by subtracting operating costs from total revenue and then dividing by the available rooms.

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Tactical Pricing

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Tactical Pricing refers to short-term pricing strategies aimed at responding to immediate market conditions or competitors' actions to maximize revenue.

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Strategic Pricing

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Strategic Pricing refers to long-term pricing approaches that consider the overall market position, brand strategy, and customer loyalty to drive revenue growth.

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Break-even Analysis

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Break-even Analysis determines the number of product units (such as hotel rooms) that need to be sold at a given price point to cover costs.

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Booking Pace

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Booking Pace measures the speed at which reservations are made for future dates, helping hoteliers predict demand and adjust revenue strategy accordingly.

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Total Revenue Management (TRM)

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Total Revenue Management is an integrated approach to managing and optimizing revenue from all hotel profit centers, not just rooms.

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