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Criminal Court Structure
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Family Courts
Focus on issues relating to family law, such as divorce, child custody, and domestic violence cases.
U.S. District Courts
Trial courts of the federal system, handle civil and criminal cases within their respective jurisdictions.
State Supreme Courts
Highest appellate court within a state, handles appeals from lower state courts.
Traffic Courts
Handle cases involving traffic infractions, violations, and sometimes misdemeanors.
Probate Courts
Handle cases related to estates, wills, trusts, guardianships, and conservatorships after someone dies.
U.S. Supreme Court
Highest appellate court, reviews decisions of lower courts, has original jurisdiction in certain cases.
Small Claims Courts
Deal with minor civil disputes involving small amounts of money, usually without representation by attorneys.
Juvenile Courts
Specialized courts dealing with cases involving minors, including criminal offenses and delinquency.
Tribal Courts
Courts established by Native American tribes, exercise limited jurisdiction over civil and criminal matters on tribal lands.
State Trial Courts
Handles initial litigation for civil and criminal cases within the state, often divided by jurisdiction or case type.
U.S. Courts of Appeals
Intermediate appellate courts, review decisions of federal district courts, no original jurisdiction.
State Intermediate Appellate Courts
Handles appeals from trial courts within the state before potentially reaching the state's supreme court.
Bankruptcy Courts
Federal courts that handle all cases of bankruptcy.
Municipal Courts
Local courts that handle violations of municipal ordinances, minor criminal offenses, and sometimes administrative actions.
Drug Courts
Special courts designed to handle cases involving drug-using offenders through comprehensive supervision and drug treatment programs.
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