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A person not yet considered legally an adult, often under the age of 18.

Acts committed by a juvenile that would be crimes if committed by an adult.

An action that is prohibited only to a certain class of people, typically minors, such as truancy or curfew violations.

A specialized court that handles cases involving minors who have been accused of offenses or are in need of care.

Programs that redirect juvenile offenders away from formal processing in the juvenile justice system, often into community-based alternatives.

Temporary care of a juvenile who requires secure custody, pending court disposition or execution of a court order.

The process by which a juvenile court determines whether the allegations in a petition are supported by evidence.

The final decision of a juvenile court on what should happen to a minor after adjudication, such as probation or placement.

An alternative to detention where a juvenile is allowed to remain in the community under supervision and must follow certain conditions.

A facility where juveniles are held in secure custody until decisions are made about their cases or until they serve a sentence.

A goal of the juvenile justice system focused on treating and educating juvenile offenders to prevent future offenses.

The process by which a juvenile is moved from juvenile court jurisdiction to adult court jurisdiction.

The equivalent of parole in the adult system, where juveniles are given support and supervision upon reentering the community after confinement.

The principle that the state has an inherent authority and duty to act as a guardian for those who are unable to protect themselves, such as minors.

The initial step in the juvenile justice process where it is decided if a case should be dismissed, handled informally, or referred to juvenile court.

A document filed in juvenile court alleging that a juvenile is a delinquent, a status offender, or a dependent and asking that the court assume jurisdiction.

A court proceeding where it is determined whether a juvenile should be held in custody or released during the pendency of the case.

A person appointed by the court to look after the interests of a minor during legal proceedings.

A system of criminal justice that focuses on the rehabilitation of offenders through reconciliation with victims and the community.