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American Revolution Essentials
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Declaration of Independence
The document adopted on July 4, 1776, by the Second Continental Congress, announcing the colonies' separation from Great Britain.
Thomas Paine
Author of 'Common Sense' and 'The American Crisis' which had a profound influence on public opinion and the morale of the troops during the Revolution.
Benjamin Franklin
Founding Father who helped draft the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution, and was vital in securing French support for the American Revolution.
Continental Congress
The legislative body that governed the United States during the American Revolution and implemented the Declaration of Independence.
Valley Forge
The site of the Continental Army's winter camp (1777-1778), where George Washington's troops faced hardship but were trained into a more effective force.
Lexington and Concord
The first battles of the American Revolution on April 19, 1775, they were the initial conflicts between British soldiers and colonial minutemen.
Sons of Liberty
An organization of American colonists that was created to protect the rights of the colonists and to fight taxation by the British government.
The Stamp Act
A 1765 act by the British Parliament that imposed a direct tax on the colonies for stamped paper and was widely opposed by colonists.
Articles of Confederation
The first 'constitution' of the United States, ratified in 1781, which created a loose confederation of states with a weak central government.
John Adams
Founding Father, first Vice President, and second President of the United States. He was a key figure in the Continental Congress and an advocate for independence.
Yorktown
The 1781 siege and subsequent surrender by British General Cornwallis to American and French forces, effectively ending major operations in the Revolutionary War.
George Washington
Commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution and the first President of the United States. His leadership was crucial to the nascent country's success.
Paul Revere's Midnight Ride
A famous event where Paul Revere and other riders warned the colonial militia of the approaching British forces before the battles of Lexington and Concord.
Alexander Hamilton
A Founding Father, chief of staff to General Washington, the first Secretary of the Treasury, and author of a large portion of the Federalist Papers.
Battle of Saratoga
A major battle of the American Revolution that led to the surrender of British troops in 1777 and secured French support for the American cause.
The Federalist Papers
A series of 85 essays written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay under the name 'Publius' to support ratification of the U.S. Constitution.
Bunker Hill
The first major battle of the American Revolution, fought on June 17, 1775, demonstrating that colonial forces could stand up to the British army.
Marquis de Lafayette
French nobleman and military officer who fought for the United States in the American Revolutionary War, providing tactical leadership and securing vital French reinforcements.
The Treaty of Paris 1783
The agreement that officially ended the American Revolutionary War, recognizing U.S. independence and granting territory to the new nation.
Boston Tea Party
An act of defiance by the Sons of Liberty in Boston, December 16, 1773, against British taxation without representation by dumping tea into the harbor.
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