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Quantum cryptography uses principles of quantum mechanics to secure data. It's important for future network security because it promises to create systems that are invulnerable to computational brute force attacks.

Key exchange protocols enable secure sharing of cryptographic keys over a public network. Protocols like Diffie-Hellman are essential to establish a secure communication channel between parties without revealing the keys to potential eavesdroppers.

Digital signatures are cryptographic algorithms that verify the authenticity and integrity of a message or document. They play an important role in network security for non-repudiation and proving that a message hasn't been tampered with.

A cryptographic salt is random data that is used as an additional input to a hash function. Salts are crucial for protecting against certain types of attacks, such as rainbow table attacks, by ensuring that the hash outputs are unique.

Cryptanalysis is the study of analyzing information systems in order to understand hidden aspects of the systems. It is a crucial aspect of network security for identifying vulnerabilities in cryptographic algorithms and protocols.

Zero-knowledge proofs allow one party to prove to another that a statement is true, without revealing any information beyond the validity of the statement itself. They are important for privacy-preserving authentication or transactions.

Cryptocurrencies and the underlying blockchain technologies use cryptographic methods for securing transactions. By providing a tamper-evident ledger, they prevent fraud and ensure transaction integrity.

Hash functions convert data into a fixed-size hash value and are used to ensure data integrity. They are crucial in network security to verify unaltered and authentic data transmission.

Encryption algorithms are mathematical procedures used for converting plaintext into ciphertext. Their correct choice and implementation are fundamental to ensuring that encrypted data remains secure from unauthorized access.

Cryptographic protocols are formal algorithms for secure communication in the presence of third parties. They are essential in network security for performing secure electronic transactions and communications.

Kerckhoffs's principle states that a cryptographic system should be secure even if everything about the system, except the key, is public knowledge. It underpins much of modern crypto design and ensures systems are robust and secure.

PKI is a framework of roles, policies, and procedures needed to create, manage, distribute, and revoke digital certificates. It’s central to managing the public keys needed for secure communications in a network.

Session keys are temporary symmetric keys used for encrypting messages in a secure communication session. They are crucial to maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of communications during a session.

Steganography is the practice of concealing messages or information within other non-secret text or data. While not strictly cryptography, it adds a layer of security by obscuring the existence of sensitive data.

Entropy measures the randomness collected by a computer system for use in cryptography. High entropy is important in network security for generating unpredictable keys which are harder for attackers to guess.

A nonce is an arbitrary number that may only be used once in a cryptographic communication. They are important in network security to prevent replay attacks and ensure messages are fresh and unique.

A CA is an entity that issues digital certificates for use with PKI. The CA validates entities and their ownership of public keys, which is critical for establishing trust relationships in network communications.

ECC is a public key encryption technique based on elliptic curve theory that can create faster, smaller, and more efficient cryptographic keys. ECC is essential for mobile security because of its efficiency and small footprint.

Asymmetric encryption, also known as public key cryptography, uses a pair of keys for encrypting and decrypting data, one public and one private. It is vital for establishing secure communications over an insecure network like the Internet.

Homomorphic encryption allows computation on ciphertexts, creating an encrypted result which, when decrypted, matches the result of operations performed on the plaintext. This is critical for secure data manipulation and analysis on encrypted data.

Symmetric encryption uses a single key for both encryption and decryption of data. It is imperative in network security for rapidly securing data transmission due to its relatively low computational overhead.

TLS is a cryptographic protocol that provides end-to-end security of data sent between applications over the Internet. It is important for protecting sensitive data from eavesdropping and tampering during transmission.

SSH is a cryptographic network protocol for secure data communication, remote shell services, and other secure network services. It is crucial for preventing interception and manipulation of sensitive administrative data.

PFS ensures that a compromise of one session's keys does not lead to the compromise of past or future keys. This is crucial in network communications to protect past communications even if current keys are compromised.

The CIA Triad is a model designed to guide policies for information security within an organization. Cryptography supports the triad by encrypting data for confidentiality, hashing for integrity, and ensuring availability through secure protocols.

Substitution ciphers replace elements of the plaintext with other characters, symbols, or groups. While not considered secure in modern cryptography, understanding them is important to grasp the evolution of cryptographic techniques.

DES is a previously widely used symmetric-key algorithm for the encryption of electronic data, which was superseded due to its small key size making it vulnerable to brute force attacks. It’s important for understanding the evolution and improvement of encryption standards.

Side-channel attacks exploit information from the physical implementation of a cryptosystem, such as timing information, power consumption, or emitted radiation. Protecting against these attacks is critical for ensuring the security of a cryptosystem in practice.

Cryptographic key management involves the handling of cryptographic keys in a secure way, including their generation, storage, distribution, rotation, and destruction. Proper key management is essential to prevent unauthorized access and maintain system integrity.