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An authority in a network that verifies user requests for a digital certificate and tells the CA to issue it.

A standard format for public key certificates, defining their structure.

Encryption that uses the same secret key for both encryption and decryption.

A set of two keys used in a PKI, one public and one private, that are mathematically related.

Protocols for establishing authenticated and encrypted links between networked computers.

A certificate where the issuing CA has verified the requesting entity's legal existence and identity to a high degree of rigor.

A cryptographic system that uses a pair of keys, a public key for encrypting data and a private key for decrypting data.

A process by which keys are held in trust by a third party, allowing encrypted data to be accessed under predefined conditions.

A group of standards for public-key cryptography that includes PKCS#1, PKCS#12, etc., developed by RSA Laboratories.

The key provided to everyone to encrypt messages for the key holder.

An entity that issues digital certificates, affirming the identity of the certificate holder.

The process of converting information into a secure format that hides its true meaning.

A function that converts an input (or 'message') into a fixed-size string of bytes, typically for security purposes.

A public key certificate which can be used with multiple subdomains of a domain.

A list of digital certificate serial numbers that have been revoked by the issuing CA before their scheduled expiration.

A document that describes in detail how the CA uses and manages the certificates it issues.

A document which states the different purposes of certificates and their approved uses within a PKI.

An electronic document used to prove the ownership of a public key.

The series of trusted intermediaries between a root CA and the end-entity certificate.

A certificate issued by a trusted CA that can issue other certificates, creating a chain of trust.

A mathematical scheme for verifying the authenticity of digital messages or documents.

The process of converting encrypted information back into its original format.

Encryption using a pair of keys, where one key encrypts data, and the other key decrypts it.

The confidential key used by the owner to decrypt messages.

A message sent from an applicant to a CA, containing information required for issuing a digital certificate.

A protocol for checking the revocation status of a digital X.509 certificate without requiring CRLs.

An explanation for why a certificate is no longer valid and has been revoked.

A self-signed certificate that identifies the Root CA.