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Caribbean Music Styles

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Reggae

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Origins: Jamaica in the 1960s; Typical Instruments: Drum set, bass guitar, electric guitar, keyboards, and the Melodica

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Cumbia

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Origins: Colombia; Typical Instruments: Accordion, drums, flutes, and maracas

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Punta

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Origins: Garifuna community of Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua; Typical Instruments: Drums, turtle shells, and sometimes keyboard or guitar

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Bachata

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Origins: Dominican Republic; Typical Instruments: Lead guitar, rhythm guitar, electric bass guitar, bongos, and maracas

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Merengue

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Origins: Dominican Republic; Typical Instruments: Accordion, saxophone, tambora, güira, and bass guitar

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Mambo

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Origins: Cuba in the 1930s; Typical Instruments: Trumpets, trombones, saxophones, double bass, piano, and percussion

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Salsa

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Origins: Cuban and Puerto Rican immigrants in New York City in the 1960s; Typical Instruments: Piano, bongos, congas, trumpets, trombones, claves, and timbales

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Plena

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Origins: Puerto Rico in the early 20th century; Typical Instruments: Panderos, guiro, and accordion

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Calypso

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Origins: Trinidad and Tobago; Typical Instruments: Steelpan, drums, and percussion

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Dancehall

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Origins: Jamaica in the late 1970s; Typical Instruments: Sampler, turntables, and synthesizer

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Cadence-lypso

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Origins: Dominica in the 1970s; Typical Instruments: Drum kit, bass guitar, electric guitar, keyboard, and brass

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Bomba

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Origins: Puerto Rico in the 17th century; Typical Instruments: Subidor (or buleador), maracas, and cuá

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Reggaeton

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Origins: Puerto Rico in the late 1990s; Typical Instruments: Drum machine, synthesizer, and sampler

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Gwo Ka

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Origins: Guadeloupe; Typical Instruments: Ka drums and call-and-response vocal lines

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Steelpan

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Origins: Trinidad and Tobago; Typical Instruments: Steelpan (drum), guitar pans, tenor pans, and percussion

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Kompa

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Origins: Haiti in the 1950s; Typical Instruments: Keyboard, guitar, bass, drums, and horns

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Ska

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Origins: Jamaica in the late 1950s; Typical Instruments: Trombone, trumpet, saxophone, guitar, bass, drums, and keyboards

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Zouk

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Origins: Guadeloupe and Martinique in the 1980s; Typical Instruments: Synthesizer, drum machine, and sequencer

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Chutney

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Origins: Trinidad and Tobago; Typical Instruments: Dholak, harmonium, and tassa drums

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Soca

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Origins: Trinidad and Tobago in the 1970s; Typical Instruments: Drum machine, synthesizer, and electric bass

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