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Similar to a tambourine, the pandeiro is a versatile instrument that provides the beat or embellishments in a samba rhythm section, essential for keeping the music lively.

Often associated with Capoeira, the berimbau contributes to samba with its unique single-string percussion sound, providing a mesmerizing melodic line.

A repinique is a high-pitched drum that often leads the samba ensemble with calls or signals that introduce changes or new rhythms, acting as the musical director.

This small drum is known for its high pitch and is played with a flexible stick, providing fast and complex rhythms that add excitement and drive to samba music.

Recognized by UNESCO, Samba de Roda involves a mixture of music, dance, and poetry, and is a traditional form influential in the development of modern samba styles.

The chocalho is a shaker-like instrument made of metal jingles, and it adds a shimmering, continuous sound that fills in the higher frequencies and helps keep the beat.

Musicians in samba bands often improvise and introduce variations within the traditional rhythms, adding personal flair and keeping the music unpredictable and engaging.

The surdo is the backbone of a samba rhythm; it's a large bass drum that plays a steady beat which is essential for marking the tempo and maintaining the rhythm of the music.

The atabaque is a tall hand drum used in traditional Afro-Brazilian music and samba, which offers rich, resonant tones that layer into the rhythmic fabric.

Emerging in Bahia, Samba-Reggae is a genre blending Samba with Reggae rhythms, representing a cross-cultural exchange and contributing to the diversity of samba music.

A small stringed instrument resembling a ukulele, the cavaquinho offers harmonic support and can play rhythmic patterns or solos within samba music.

The ganzá is a cylindrical metal shaker that produces a sandy, dry sound harmonizing with other percussion instruments to enrich the samba texture.

The syncopation in tamborim playing involves the accenting of beats that are typically not emphasized, creating a counter-melody that diversifies the rhythm of samba.

A friction drum with a distinctive high-pitched squeal, the cuíca's sound is synonymous with Rio's Carnival and adds a whimsical element to samba music.

Batucada is a substyle of samba that showcases a powerful percussion ensemble. It involves complex and highly syncopated rhythms that charge the atmosphere with energy.

The agogô consists of two metal bells that produce two distinct pitches. It contributes to the polyrhythmic texture of samba and often plays off the surdo's rhythm.

A scraped percussion instrument, the reco-reco provides rhythmically complex patterns and textures with its rasping sound that complements the beat.

Performed by samba schools during Carnival, Samba Enredo tells a narrative story and is central to the themes presented in the parades, often composed specifically for the event.

This style of samba marks a particular rhythm pattern and is known for its improvisational verses, creating an interactive and communal samba experience.