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Reggae and Its Roots

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Dub

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A genre of music that grew out of reggae in the 1960s, known for its focus on rhythm and drum and bass, and the use of effects like echo and reverb.

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Nyabinghi drumming

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Traditional Rastafarian ritual music that has influenced reggae, characterized by a complex mix of African rhythms.

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Roots Reggae

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A subgenre of reggae music that deals with the everyday lives and aspirations of Africans and those in the African Diaspora, often with a spiritual or political message.

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Sound System

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A group of DJs, engineers and MCs playing ska, rocksteady or reggae music, often at street parties, pivotal in the spread and enjoyment of reggae music.

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Rocksteady

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A music genre that originated in Jamaica around 1966, a direct precursor to reggae, characterized by a slower tempo than ska and heavy bass lines.

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The Wailers

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Originally Bob Marley, Peter Tosh, and Bunny Wailer, this band played a key role in the global spread of reggae music.

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Version

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An instrumental remix of a reggae song, often used by deejays as a beat to toast over in dancehall music.

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Jamaica

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The island nation where reggae music originated in the late 1960s.

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Ska

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A music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1950s, combining elements of Caribbean mento and calypso with American jazz and rhythm and blues, preceeding rocksteady and reggae.

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Haile Selassie I

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The former Emperor of Ethiopia who is considered the messiah of the Rastafarian movement, which has a massive influence on the lyrical content of reggae music.

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One Drop Rhythm

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A rhythmic pattern used in reggae music where the backbeat is played by the drums on the third beat of each measure for a relaxed, laid-back sound.

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Bunny Wailer

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An original member of The Wailers alongside Bob Marley and Peter Tosh, who later pursued a solo career cultivating reggae's traditional roots.

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Peter Tosh

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A key figure in reggae music, co-founder of The Wailers and a successful solo artist known for his militant and political songs.

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Lee 'Scratch' Perry

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A pioneering Jamaican music producer known for his innovative studio techniques in the creation of dub music and his production of early reggae music.

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I-Threes

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The backing vocalists for Bob Marley & The Wailers, comprised of Rita Marley, Marcia Griffiths, and Judy Mowatt, who greatly contributed to the group's sound.

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Bob Marley

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A Jamaican singer-songwriter and reggae's most iconic figure, whose music was heavily influenced by social issues and Rastafarian beliefs.

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Lovers Rock

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A subgenre of reggae music known for its romantic sound and content, which emerged in the UK in the 1970s.

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Reggaeton

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A music style originating in the late 1990s in Puerto Rico, blending Latin rhythms with reggae and hip-hop, showcasing the influence of reggae in Latin American music.

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Reggae Sunsplash

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A significant annual music festival in Jamaica that began in 1978, which showcased reggae's top artists and helped to globalize the genre.

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Rastafari movement

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A spiritual ideology that arose in the 1930s in Jamaica, deeply influencing reggae music with themes of resistance, African identity, and spirituality.

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Studio One

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A famous recording studio and record label in Jamaica founded by Clement 'Coxsone' Dodd, often referred to as the 'Motown of Jamaica' for its pivotal role in the development of reggae music.

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Dancehall

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A genre of Jamaican popular music that originated in the late 1970s, evolving from reggae and focusing more on the deejay who raps or toasts over a riddim.

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Reggae bass line

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The distinctive, rhythmic bass part in reggae music, often playing a repeating pattern that emphasizes the off-beat or syncopation.

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Toasting

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A style of lyrical chanting over a rhythm or beat in reggae and dancehall music, which influenced the development of rapping in hip-hop culture.

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2 Tone

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A music genre created in the UK that fuses elements of ska and punk rock, which emerged in the late 1970s amidst the punk movement and had connections with reggae music and culture.

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