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Modern Dance Pioneers
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Martha Graham
Developed the 'Graham technique', revolutionized modern dance, known for emotional expression through the body.
Merce Cunningham
Known for randomness and chance in dance, detaching the dance from the music, and for using technology in his compositions.
Alvin Ailey
Established the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater, known for African-American cultural expression and modern dance.
Isadora Duncan
Pioneer of free dance, used natural movement and improvisation, and is considered the mother of modern dance.
Pina Bausch
Founded Tanztheater Wuppertal; known for her blend of movement, sound, and prominent stage sets.
Paul Taylor
Known for his inventive choreography, combination of traditional and modern techniques, and his dance company, the Paul Taylor Dance Company.
Jose Limon
Developed the 'Limon technique' and is renowned for his dramatic portrayal of the human spirit through dance.
Katherine Dunham
Pioneer in African-American modern dance, created the Dunham Technique, and inserted Afro-Caribbean movement into concert dance.
Lester Horton
Devised an eponymous technique that incorporated diverse elements including Native American dances and modern jazz.
Twyla Tharp
Known for crossover ballets that combine classical music with brisk modern movement. Also known for her Broadway work including 'Movin' Out'.
Rudolf Laban
Developed Laban movement analysis and the Effort/Shape method to describe and interpret movement.
Mary Wigman
A key figure in European modern dance, celebrated for her expressive and theatrical dance style.
Trisha Brown
Pioneered postmodern dance. Known for her use of pedestrian movement and site-specific works, including rooftop performances.
Doris Humphrey
Developed the theory of fall and recovery, and exerted a profound influence on American modern dance.
Loie Fuller
Innovator in theatrical lighting, known for her 'Serpentine Dance' with dynamic uses of silk fabrics and illumination.
Steve Paxton
Known for the development of contact improvisation, a dance form based on the spontaneous movement that arises from bodily contact.
Bill T. Jones
Co-founder of the Bill T. Jones/Arnie Zane Dance Company, known for addressing social commentary in his dance pieces.
Bob Fosse
Pioneered his own distinctive style of dance in musical theatre and is known for 'Chicago', 'Cabaret', and 'All That Jazz'.
Anna Sokolow
Her work is highly dramatic and often conveys profound social messages, known for 'Rooms' and her work with the Martha Graham Company.
Mats Ek
Renowned for his contemporary re-imaginings of classical ballets, his works include an award-winning revision of 'Swan Lake'.
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