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According to Democritus, atoms are the basic, indivisible building blocks of matter that make up the universe. They are eternal, unchangeable, and cannot be divided.

Democritus believed atoms varied in shape, size, and arrangement, which led to the diverse forms of matter observable in the world.

Democritus' atomism extends to ethics, implying that moral properties are not intrinsic to atoms but result from human conventions and societal agreements.

In Democritus' view, the void is the infinite empty space in which atoms move and interact, allowing for the existence and movement of matter.

Democritus postulated that sensations are caused by atoms from external objects interacting with our sense organs, and while our senses give us knowledge, it is only a reflection of the true atomic reality.

While the macroscopic world undergoes constant change, Democritus asserted that atoms themselves are unchanging, providing a permanent underlying reality.

Democritus' atomism suggests that all events in the universe are the result of atoms interacting according to necessary laws, leading to a deterministic view of the cosmos.