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For Aristotle, Eudaimonia, often translated as 'happiness' or 'flourishing', is the highest good for humans. It is achieved by living a life in accordance with virtue and reason.

Aristotle's concept of the Golden Mean describes the desirable middle ground between two extremes, one of excess and one of deficiency. To live ethically, one should seek the mean virtuous state for any given character trait.

Aristotle's Doctrine of the Mean is the principle that virtue is the mean between two vices, one of excess and one of deficiency, and the virtuous action is achieved by finding this balance.

Aristotle's Function Argument claims that a good human life is one that fulfills its function, which is unique to humans: the activity of the soul in accordance with virtue.

Aristotle's Virtue Ethics emphasizes the importance of developing good character traits (virtues) and achieving a virtuous character through habit and practice rather than simply following rules.

A key aspect of Aristotle's ethics is Teleology, which is the study of purpose or end goals. In ethics, it refers to the idea that actions are right if they serve an ultimate purpose or end, which for Aristotle, is eudaimonia.

Practical Wisdom, or Phronesis, is the virtue that allows one to make good judgments about what is the right thing to do in various situations, according to Aristotle.

The Nicomachean Ethics is one of Aristotle's most well-known works where he outlines his ethical philosophy, including his ideas on virtue, happiness, and the golden mean.

Areté is a Greek term translated as 'virtue' or 'excellence'. Aristotle uses it to describe the quality of fulfilling one's purpose or function to the highest degree.

Aristotle believed in a Virtuous Cycle, wherein acting virtuously leads to the development of a virtuous character, which in turn makes it easier to continue acting virtuously.

Intellectual Virtues, in Aristotle's view, are those that pertain to the mind's activities, such as wisdom, understanding, and prudence, and are developed through instruction and exercise.