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Parmenides and the Way of Truth

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Being is homogeneous

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If being were not homogeneous, it would differ from itself and thus entail non-being, leading to contradictions. Hence, being must be homogeneous to avoid the inclusion of non-being.

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Being is complete

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Being must be complete and lack nothing; if it lacked something, it would imply the presence of non-being. Since non-being is not, being must be fully complete.

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Being is indestructible

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According to Parmenides, since being cannot come from nothing, it also cannot be destroyed and turned into nothing. Thus, being is permanent and indestructible.

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Being is immovable

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Parmenides argues that being cannot move because there is no 'non-being' for it to move into. Since being fills all, movement is an illusion and being is therefore immovable.

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Being is ungenerated

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Parmenides argues that if something exists, it could not have come into existence from nothing, because nothing comes from nothing. Therefore, being must be eternal and ungenerated.

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The senses are misleading

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Parmenides holds that the senses report the illusion of change, multiplicity, and movement, which all imply non-being. Since non-being is not possible, sensory experiences must be misleading, and only logical reasoning can reveal the truth of the one unchanging being.

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Being is unchangeable

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Parmenides posits that change implies that something is moving from non-being into being, or vice versa, which is impossible. Therefore, being must be unchangeable.

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Being is one

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Parmenides argues that if being were multiple, it would have to be separated by non-being, which does not exist. Therefore, being is ultimately a singular, continuous entity.

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