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The Phenomenology of Speech

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Lifeworld

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The lifeworld (Lebenswelt) is the pre-reflective world of immediate experience; in speech, it is significant because it provides the backdrop upon which linguistic interactions are understood and given meaning.

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Expressive Act

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An expressive act communicates the speaker's psychological state or attitude; it is important in phenomenology of speech because it reveals the subjective component of speaking and understanding language.

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Intentionality

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Intentionality refers to the quality of consciousness that is directed at an object; it is a fundamental concept in phenomenology that implies that speech acts are inherently about something and aim to convey meaning.

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Phoneme

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A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish one word from another; it's crucial for phenomenology of speech since it focuses on the basic elements that make up the spoken language.

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Discourse

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In phenomenology, discourse refers to structured sets of speech or writing that communicate meaning; it is significant for analyzing how language constructs and conveys complex ideas and social realities.

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Perlocutionary Act

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A perlocutionary act refers to the effect a speech act has on the feelings, thoughts, or actions of either the speaker or the listener, highlighting the consequential nature of speech within phenomenology.

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Referential Function of Language

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The referential function refers to language's ability to point to or denote objects or ideas in the real or imagined world; it is significant in the phenomenology of speech for explicating how language correlates with the world around us.

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Constative Act

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A constative act is a speech act that asserts something about the world, like stating a fact; its significance lies in its relation to truth value and the objective aspect of communication.

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Hermeneutics

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Hermeneutics is the theory and methodology of interpretation, especially the interpretation of biblical texts, wisdom literature, and philosophical texts; in speech, it refers to interpreting linguistic utterances within their full context.

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Iterability

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Iterability refers to the concept that speech acts and signs can be repeated in new situations while retaining aspects of their original meaning, which is significant in understanding the functionality and transferability of language across different contexts.

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Noema

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In phenomenological philosophy, noema is the object or content of a thought, perception, or speech act; it is significant because it allows for the analysis of the object as it is experienced in the act of speaking.

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Illocutionary Act

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An illocutionary act expresses the speaker's intention in a statement and is a key concept in speech act theory for understanding the different forces behind utterances, beyond their mere semantic content.

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Performativity

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Performativity is the aspect of language in which saying something is doing something, such as in the case of vows, promises, or orders; it's crucial for understanding how language has the power to effect change in the world.

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Semantic Intentionality

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Semantic intentionality concerns the meaning aspects of mental states as they are directed at linguistic expressions; it's significant for understanding how we attribute meaning to the words we speak and how those meanings are intended to be understood by others.

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Speech Acts

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Speech acts are the basic units of language used to communicate; they include declarations, assertions, questions, and commands, and are significant in studying how people use language to perform actions.

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Directive Act

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A directive act aims to get the listener to do something, such as in commands or requests; philosophically, it shows how speech can be used to influence or alter the behavior of others.

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Locutionary Act

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A locutionary act is the uttering of a speech sound, phrase, or sentence; it encompasses the three related concepts of phonetic act (the act of producing sounds), phatic act (the act of using those sounds within a linguistic system), and rhetic act (using those sounds with a certain meaning and reference), and it is critical for understanding the mechanics of linguistic utterances in communication.

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Phenomenological Reduction

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This process involves bracketing or setting aside assumptions and beliefs about the world to focus on the pure experience of phenomena, allowing philosophers and linguists to study the structure of experiences as they are presented to consciousness, including speech acts.

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