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Equestrian Sports Judging Criteria

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Dressage

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The horse's performance, its obedience, suppleness, and quality of gaits; rider's position and seat.

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Reining Patterns

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In Western riding, assessed based on smoothness, finesse, attitude, quickness, and degree of difficulty shown in executing a set pattern.

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Show Jumping

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Based on the number of faults accumulated for knocking down obstacles, refusals, falls, and time penalties.

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Gait

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Quality of the horse's walk, trot, canter, gallop, and any breed-specific gaits.

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Bending Line

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A sequence of jumps set on a curving line requiring the horse to bend its body through the turns.

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Hunter Rounds

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Judging based on horse's movement, manners, and way of going over fences and on the flat.

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Time Faults

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Penalties given for exceeding the allotted time to complete the course.

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Impulsion

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The horse's desire to move forward with power and controlled energy.

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Piaffe

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A highly collected and cadenced trot in place, showcasing the ultimate control and training in dressage.

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Rollback Turn

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A tight turn performed after a fence, judged on the horse's balance and agility to reapproach the next fence or obstacle.

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Flying Change

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A movement where the horse changes the canter lead in the air between strides without breaking the rhythm.

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Leg Yield

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A movement where the horse goes sideways and forward simultaneously, crossing the outside legs over the inside legs.

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Obstacle Course

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Judged on the horse's and rider's ability to negotiate a set of obstacles with fluidity, accuracy, and speed.

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Collective Marks

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At the end of dressage tests, overall impression scores gauging harmony, gaits, rider's ability, and accuracy.

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Cadence

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The horse's tempo and rhythmic footfalls in its gaits, particularly in trot and canter.

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Ring Presence

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How the horse presents itself in the ring, showing confidence, and overall demeanor.

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Handiness

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The horse's ability to navigate a course with agility, displaying smooth turns and transitions.

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Lead Changes

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The horse's ability to change the lead leg at the canter smoothly, either on command or automatically.

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Free Walk

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A dressage movement where the horse is allowed to stretch forward and downward while maintaining a clear and consistent rhythm.

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Conformation

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The horse's physical build, proportions, and condition as they pertain to breed standards.

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Refusal

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When the horse stops at an obstacle or significantly alters its path to avoid jumping.

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Extended Trot

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A dressage gait where the horse covers more ground while maintaining the same rhythm, showing lengthening of stride and frame.

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Walk Pirouette

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A dressage movement where the horse walks in a very small circle, pivoting around the inside hind leg.

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Cross-Country

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Judged on completion of obstacles, time taken, and penalties for refusals, falls, or going off course.

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Runout

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Occurs when the horse evades or passes by an obstacle it was supposed to jump.

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Half-Pass

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A lateral dressage movement where the horse travels forward and sideways simultaneously while bent in the direction of travel.

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Working Hunter

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Judged on manners, performance, and suitability of the horse to provide a smooth and safe round.

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Equitation

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Focuses on rider's position, seat, and correct use of aids to control and influence the horse.

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Penalties

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Points deducted for mistakes such as refusals, runouts, time faults, or when rider falls off.

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