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Equestrian Sports Judging Criteria
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Equitation
Focuses on rider's position, seat, and correct use of aids to control and influence the horse.
Refusal
When the horse stops at an obstacle or significantly alters its path to avoid jumping.
Ring Presence
How the horse presents itself in the ring, showing confidence, and overall demeanor.
Working Hunter
Judged on manners, performance, and suitability of the horse to provide a smooth and safe round.
Time Faults
Penalties given for exceeding the allotted time to complete the course.
Gait
Quality of the horse's walk, trot, canter, gallop, and any breed-specific gaits.
Dressage
The horse's performance, its obedience, suppleness, and quality of gaits; rider's position and seat.
Handiness
The horse's ability to navigate a course with agility, displaying smooth turns and transitions.
Lead Changes
The horse's ability to change the lead leg at the canter smoothly, either on command or automatically.
Cross-Country
Judged on completion of obstacles, time taken, and penalties for refusals, falls, or going off course.
Hunter Rounds
Judging based on horse's movement, manners, and way of going over fences and on the flat.
Penalties
Points deducted for mistakes such as refusals, runouts, time faults, or when rider falls off.
Half-Pass
A lateral dressage movement where the horse travels forward and sideways simultaneously while bent in the direction of travel.
Runout
Occurs when the horse evades or passes by an obstacle it was supposed to jump.
Free Walk
A dressage movement where the horse is allowed to stretch forward and downward while maintaining a clear and consistent rhythm.
Flying Change
A movement where the horse changes the canter lead in the air between strides without breaking the rhythm.
Impulsion
The horse's desire to move forward with power and controlled energy.
Extended Trot
A dressage gait where the horse covers more ground while maintaining the same rhythm, showing lengthening of stride and frame.
Conformation
The horse's physical build, proportions, and condition as they pertain to breed standards.
Cadence
The horse's tempo and rhythmic footfalls in its gaits, particularly in trot and canter.
Collective Marks
At the end of dressage tests, overall impression scores gauging harmony, gaits, rider's ability, and accuracy.
Reining Patterns
In Western riding, assessed based on smoothness, finesse, attitude, quickness, and degree of difficulty shown in executing a set pattern.
Bending Line
A sequence of jumps set on a curving line requiring the horse to bend its body through the turns.
Rollback Turn
A tight turn performed after a fence, judged on the horse's balance and agility to reapproach the next fence or obstacle.
Walk Pirouette
A dressage movement where the horse walks in a very small circle, pivoting around the inside hind leg.
Obstacle Course
Judged on the horse's and rider's ability to negotiate a set of obstacles with fluidity, accuracy, and speed.
Show Jumping
Based on the number of faults accumulated for knocking down obstacles, refusals, falls, and time penalties.
Leg Yield
A movement where the horse goes sideways and forward simultaneously, crossing the outside legs over the inside legs.
Piaffe
A highly collected and cadenced trot in place, showcasing the ultimate control and training in dressage.
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