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Gymnastics Judging Criteria
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Difficulty Score (D-Score)
The score that reflects the content of the routine, including the difficulty of the skills performed, their connection value, and element group requirements.
Execution Score (E-Score)
The score starting at 10.0 from which deductions for technical faults, artistic faults, and falls are subtracted.
Artistry
Judged on the gymnast's ability to perform with creativity, style, and personality, as well as the overall presentation.
Amplitude
Refers to the height and distance of elements such as leaps, jumps, and acrobatic skills, with larger movements scoring higher.
Balance
The gymnast's ability to maintain stability throughout the routine, with deductions for wobbles, adjustments, or falls.
Form
The technique and precision of gymnastics movements, including pointed toes, straight legs, and body alignment.
Composition
The structure and layout of the routine, ensuring a well-balanced, seamless flow of elements.
Dynamics
The energy, power, and rhythm of the gymnast's performance, as well as the fluidity between movements.
Flexibility
The degree to which a gymnast demonstrates range of motion in apparatus-specific positions, often seen in splits, leaps, and jumps.
Time of Flight
The total time a gymnast spends in the air during vault or other aerial elements, often used in men's vault scoring.
Start Value
The highest potential score a routine can achieve based on its difficulty without considering execution deductions.
Stick Bonus
An additional score given when a gymnast lands without any movement of the feet, signaling control.
Composition Deductions
Penalties applied for routines that lack variety, proper distribution of elements, or do not fulfill the element group requirements.
Neutral Deductions
Non-performance related penalties such as time violations, incorrect attire, or unsportsmanlike conduct.
Connection Value (CV)
The bonus score added for successfully connecting specific skills in a routine, typically for beam and floor exercises.
Element Group Requirements
Pre-defined sets of skills that a gymnast must perform in a routine for a complete D-score. Missing any requirement leads to specific deductions.
Flight Element
A skill in which the gymnast becomes airborne, such as leaps, jumps, or acrobatic elements that should show good height and distance.
Fall
An occurrence where the gymnast unintentionally comes to rest on the apparatus or floor, incurring a specific deduction from the E-score.
Landing Deductions
Penalties applied for imperfections during landings such as steps, hops, or lack of control after dismounts or tumbling.
Deduction for Bent Arms or Legs
Specific points subtracted from the E-score for not maintaining straight arms or legs where required during skills.
Line
The body form and extension in a straight or curved shape; judges look for a clean, elongated silhouette during skills.
Deduction for Rhythm and Tempo
Deductions for inconsistency or lack of fluid rhythm and appropriate tempo during connected skills or throughout routines.
Out of Bounds (OOB)
A penalty imposed when a gymnast steps or lands outside the designated floor area, with deductions increasing with the number of feet going OOB.
Degree of Difficulty
A numerical value assigned to each skill based on its complexity; higher difficulty skills contribute to a higher D-score.
Deduction for Lack of Precision
Minus points for any inaccuracies in skill execution, such as angle imperfections, incomplete twists or rotations, or not hitting required positions.
Horizontal Bar Dismount
Judges assess the level of difficulty, form, execution, and landing of the dismount from the horizontal bar.
Uneven Bars Handstand Position
Deductions for not reaching or holding a complete vertical handstand or for extra swings or movements to achieve the position.
Vault Run
The approach to the vaulting table should be powerful and controlled, with deductions for deviation from the line or incorrect speed.
Body Shape
During skills, gymnasts are judged on the precision of body shapes such as tuck, pike, or straddle, with deductions for incorrect positions.
Toe Point
The extent to which a gymnast extends and points their toes during skills, with better extension generally scoring higher.
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