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Proposed by Edward O. Wilson, the biophilia hypothesis suggests an innate human tendency to seek connections with nature and other forms of life. This principle implies that the human affinity for nature is deeply rooted in our biology, influencing our behavior and wellbeing.

Coined by Richard Louv, nature-deficit disorder is not a medical condition but describes the cost of alienation from nature, such as diminished use of the senses, attention difficulties, and higher rates of physical and emotional illnesses. It highlights the importance of the natural environment for human development and mental health.

Developed by Rachel and Stephen Kaplan, ART suggests that exposure to natural environments can help people recover from mental fatigue and restore their ability to concentrate. It emphasizes the role of effortless attention in nature that allows our directed attention capacities to replenish.

A concept suggesting that an individual's sense of self can be expanded to include the natural environment, meaning that the wellbeing of the environment is directly connected to one's own wellbeing. This self-perception fosters environmental responsibility and ecological behavior.

This term describes the emotional or existential distress caused by environmental change, such as land degradation or climate change. It reflects the psychological impact on individuals when their home environment is altered beyond recognition.

A field of psychology that studies the reciprocal relationships between humans and the rest of nature, with the aim to encourage conservation of the natural environment. It is concerned with understanding and promoting human behaviors that contribute to environmental sustainability.

A term used by Yi-Fu Tuan referring to the affective bond between people and place or setting. Topophilia can affect environmental perception and decision making, reinforcing the care and maintenance of environments that elicit positive emotional responses.