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Influences on Perception

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Attention

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Attention selectively filters sensory information, emphasizing some aspects while minimizing others, which directly affects our perception.

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Past Experiences

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Past experiences shape our cognitive frameworks and biases, which in turn influence how we interpret sensory data.

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Cultural Background

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Culture provides a context for interpreting sensory information and can determine what is perceived as meaningful or ignorable.

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Mood

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Current emotional states can color perception, making certain stimuli seem more significant or altering how sensory information is processed.

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Motivation

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Individual goals and needs can drive attention and interpretation of sensory data, affecting what is perceived.

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Perceptual Set

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Perceptual set is a readiness to perceive certain stimuli, influenced by expectations and preconceptions, affecting the perception process.

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Context

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The surrounding environment and situational factors can provide a framework within which sensory information is understood.

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Sensory Adaptation

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With constant exposure to a particular stimulus, sensitivity decreases over time, leading to a diminished perception of that stimulus.

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Expectation

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What one anticipates can influence what is actually perceived, often leading to a confirmation of those expectations in sensory experience.

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Beliefs

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Beliefs can act as filters for perception, allowing individuals to see what they believe to be true, regardless of sensory evidence to the contrary.

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Hunger

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Hunger can sharpen the perception of food-related stimuli, making relevant sensory information more salient.

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Fatigue

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Being tired can dampen sensory alertness and acuity, leading to less accurate or diminished perception.

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Learning and Knowledge

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What is known and understood can shape the interpretation of sensory inputs, with familiar stimuli being more easily recognized and understood.

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Language

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The language we speak can influence perception by shaping the categories through which we interpret sensory stimuli (linguistic relativity).

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Socioeconomic Status

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Perception may be affected by one's socioeconomic environment, with differences in exposure to various stimuli and resources shaping perceptual habits.

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Physical State

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Physical health and bodily conditions can affect the functioning of sensory systems and the way stimuli are experienced.

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Age

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Age-related changes in sensory systems can alter the acuity and range of perception, with both decline and compensatory adjustments occurring over time.

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Substance Use

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The use of substances such as drugs or alcohol can temporarily alter the normal functioning of sensory systems, impacting perception.

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Cognitive Load

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The amount of mental effort being used for cognitive tasks can influence how much capacity is left for processing sensory information.

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Neurological Functioning

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Differences in brain structure or function due to individual variation or neurological conditions can affect sensory processing and perception.

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