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I-O Psychology Theorists
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Frank Gilbreth
Known for the development of time and motion study and for using motion picture cameras to study the efficiency of worker movements.
Frederick Winslow Taylor
He is known for his work on Scientific Management (Taylorism), which optimizes task performance, labor productivity, and industrial efficiency.
John B. Watson
Founder of behaviorism, emphasizing the scientific study of observable behaviors rather than internal states.
Henry Murray
Developed the Theory of Personology and co-developed the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), which assesses personality.
Frederick Herzberg
Introduced the Motivator-Hygiene Theory (Two-Factor Theory), differentiating between job satisfaction motivators and job dissatisfaction hygiene factors.
John R. Anderson
Developed the ACT-R theory of human cognition and learning, which is used to model how people learn and process information.
Bruce Tuckman
Formulated the Tuckman's stages of group development: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and later added Adjourning.
Sigmund Freud
Though not directly linked to I-O psychology, he introduced foundational concepts in psychoanalysis affecting theories of motivation and personality in the workplace.
Elton Mayo
Famous for the Hawthorne Studies that led to the Human Relations Movement; emphasized the social aspects of the workplace.
Kurt Lewin
Founder of social psychology, recognized for his field theory and change management theories, including force field analysis and group dynamics.
B.F. Skinner
Pioneer in operant conditioning, creator of the Skinner box, and strong advocate for behavior analysis in understanding behavior.
Hugo Münsterberg
Hier ist von der Anwendung der Psychologie in Industrie und Geschäft die Rede, einschließlich Pionierarbeiten in den Bereichen Personalauswahl und Ergonomie.
W. Edwards Deming
Promoted quality control in manufacturing processes, leading to the Deming Cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act) for process improvement.
Peter Drucker
Known as the 'father of modern management,' he stressed the importance of objectives, knowledge work, and the role of the executive.
Rensis Likert
Developed the Likert Scale for measuring attitudes and explored the psychology behind management styles and organizational dynamics.
Edwin A. Locke
Pioneered Goal-Setting Theory, emphasizing the association of goals, task performance, and feedback.
Lillian Moller Gilbreth
Contributed to time and motion studies, emphasizing the psychology of business management and ergonomic design of tools and work processes.
Robert Owen
An early advocate for improving the working conditions of factory workers and inspired the cooperative movement.
Abraham Maslow
Known for Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, a theory in psychology that prioritizes basic human needs in the shape of a pyramid.
Douglas McGregor
Known for Theory X and Theory Y, describing two contrasting models of workforce motivation and management styles.
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