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Nuclear Waste Management
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Ocean Dumping
Historically, some countries disposed of nuclear waste in the ocean. This practice has largely ceased due to international treaties and environmental impact. Current assessments do not favor this method due to potential harm to marine ecosystems.
Reprocessing and Recycling
Reprocessing can extract usable elements from spent nuclear fuel, reducing the volume of waste. It's expensive and complex, and concerns arise over proliferation risks. Recycling can reuse certain materials, but the technology and economics limit its application.
Deep Geological Repository
A long-term storage solution that involves burying nuclear waste deep underground in stable geological formations. Assessments show it effectively isolates waste from the biosphere, but site selection and long-term monitoring are challenging.
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