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Radiation Units and Dosimetry

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Rem (roentgen equivalent man)

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The rem is a non-SI unit of equivalent dose that has been largely replaced by the sievert. One rem is the amount of radiation required to produce the same biological effect as one roentgen of high-voltage x-rays. Equivalent dose calculations often involve a quality factor (QF).

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Gray (Gy)

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The gray is the SI unit of absorbed dose. One gray is defined as the absorption of one joule of radiation energy by one kilogram of matter. It is used to quantify the amount of radiation energy absorbed by a substance.

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Curie (Ci)

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The curie is a non-SI unit used to describe the activity of a radioactive substance. One curie is defined as the quantity of any radioactive material in which the number of decays per second is 3.7 x 101010^{10}. It is named after Pierre and Marie Curie.

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Rad (radiation absorbed dose)

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The rad is a non-SI unit of absorbed dose, now mostly replaced by the gray. One rad corresponds to an energy absorption of 100 ergs per gram of material. This unit is used less frequently but can still be found in older literature.

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Sievert (Sv)

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The sievert is the SI unit of equivalent dose and effective dose. It takes into account the biological effects of radiation, not just the absorbed energy. One sievert is equivalent to the effect of one joule of radiation energy absorbed per kilogram of human tissue.

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