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Nuclear Physics

Units of Radioactivity

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Rutherford (Rd)

An older and non-SI unit of radioactivity, defined as 1 Rd = $10^6$ disintegrations per second. Conversion: 1 Rd = 1 MBq (megabecquerel).

Rad

A non-SI unit of absorbed radiation dose, defined as 0.01 joule of radiation energy absorbed per kilogram of matter. Conversion: 1 rad = 0.01 Gy.

Becquerel (Bq)

The SI unit of radioactivity, defined as 1 Bq = 1 disintegration per second. Conversion: 1 Bq = $2.70 \times 10^{-11}$ Ci.

Sievert (Sv)

A unit of radiation dose equivalent, accounting for the effect of the type of radiation on the body. Defined as 1 Sv = 1 Gy × $w_R$ (where $w_R$ is the radiation weighting factor). Conversion: 1 Sv = 100 rem.

Gray (Gy)

A unit of ionizing radiation dose, defined as the absorption of one joule of radiation energy per kilogram of matter. Conversion: 1 Gy = 100 rad.

Curie (Ci)

A unit of radioactivity, defined as 1 Ci = $3.7 \times 10^{10}$ disintegrations per second. Conversion: 1 Ci = 37 GBq (gigabecquerels).

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