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Optical Devices

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Contact Lenses

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Primary Function: Corrects vision. Principle: refractive lenses placed directly on the cornea.

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Spectroscope

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Primary Function: Analyzes the spectral composition of light. Principle: Light is dispersed into its component wavelengths by a prism or diffraction grating.

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Interferometer

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Primary Function: Measures wave interference. Principle: Superimposes waves to extract information about their properties.

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Eyeglasses

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Primary Function: Corrects vision. Principle: Bends light with lenses to focus it on the retina.

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Head-Up Display (HUD)

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Primary Function: Displays data without requiring users to look away from their viewpoint. Principle: Projects information onto a transparent surface.

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Hologram

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Primary Function: Creates a three-dimensional image. Principle: Interference and diffraction of light waves recorded and reconstructed from a holographic plate.

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Telescope

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Primary Function: Magnifies distant objects. Principle: Uses lenses or mirrors to gather and focus light.

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Night Vision Goggles

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Primary Function: Allows vision in low-light conditions. Principle: Uses image enhancement and thermal imaging technology.

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Camera

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Primary Function: Captures images. Principle: Uses a lens to focus light onto a sensor or film.

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Periscope

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Primary Function: Allows observation from a hidden position. Principle: Uses mirrors or prisms to bend light along an indirect path.

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Projector

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Primary Function: Displays images onto a surface. Principle: Light is shone through a small transparent lens and magnified onto a larger screen.

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Optical Scanner (Barcode Reader)

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Primary Function: Reads and deciphers encoded information in visual patterns. Principle: Reflection and detection of light through a series of lenses.

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Binoculars

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Primary Function: Magnifies distant objects for viewing with both eyes. Principle: Uses two parallel telescopic tubes.

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Microscope

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Primary Function: Magnifies small objects. Principle: Uses a series of lenses to magnify and resolve small details.

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Magnifying Glass

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Primary Function: Enlarges the appearance of objects. Principle: Convex lens causes light rays to converge at a focal point.

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Fiber Optic Cable

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Primary Function: Transmits light signals over long distances. Principle: Total internal reflection within a glass or plastic core.

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Photovoltaic Cell (Solar Panel)

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Primary Function: Converts sunlight into electrical energy. Principle: Photovoltaic effect where photons excite electrons to higher states, creating a current.

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Optical Fiber

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Primary Function: Transmits light signals for telecommunication. Principle: Uses light propagation through dielectric waveguides and total internal reflection.

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Photocopier

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Primary Function: Creates copies of documents. Principle: Uses a light-sensitive photoreceptor and toner to reproduce images.

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Laser

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Primary Function: Emits a beam of coherent light. Principle: Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.

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