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A system where voters have as many votes as there are seats to be filled, and typically, the candidates with the most votes win those seats. Used in some local elections in the United Kingdom and some national elections in Lebanon.

Combines elements of First-Past-The-Post and Proportional Representation, with both constituency representatives and party-list seats. Used by New Zealand, Germany, and Scotland.

A voting system where the candidate with the most votes in a constituency wins a seat in the legislature. Used by countries such as the United States, Canada, and India.

An electoral system in which parties gain seats in proportion to the number of votes cast for them. Commonly used in European countries such as Germany and Spain.

A system where a candidate or proposal must receive more than half of all votes cast to win. This is a feature of many presidential elections around the world.

Voters vote for a party instead of a candidate, and parties receive seats in proportion to their overall share of the vote. Widely used in European countries such as Italy and Portugal.

A multi-member district system where each voter casts one vote for one candidate, and candidates with the highest votes win. Practiced in some regional elections in Japan and Taiwan.

A preferential system where voters rank candidates in order of choice and candidates are elected through quotas. Used in Ireland and Australia for some elections.

Also known as Instant-Runoff Voting (IRV), voters rank candidates and if no one gets a majority, the last-place candidate is eliminated and votes are redistributed until one candidate has a majority. Used in Australia for the House of Representatives elections.