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The power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 8, Clause 3.

The power to propose amendments to the Constitution by a two-thirds vote in both the House and Senate or by a convention called for by two-thirds of State legislatures. Constitutional basis: Article V.

The power to constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 8, Clause 9.

The power to exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such District as may become the seat of the government of the United States. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 8, Clause 17.

The power to raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years; to provide and maintain a navy. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 8, Clauses 12 to 14.

The power to promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 8, Clause 8.

The power to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 8, Clause 18.

The power to provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 8, Clause 6.

The power to coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 8, Clause 5.

The power to declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 8, Clause 11.

The power to borrow money on the credit of the United States. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 8, Clause 2.

The power to establish a uniform rule of naturalization. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 8, Clause 4.

The power to establish post offices and post roads. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 8, Clause 7.

The power to determine the time, place, and manner of federal elections, though states initially regulate them. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 4, Clause 1.

The power to provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions; to provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the militia. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 8, Clauses 15 and 16.

The power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States. Constitutional basis: Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2.

The power to count the electoral votes for the President and Vice President and to resolve certain presidential election disputes. Constitutional basis: 12th Amendment.

The power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises to pay debts, provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 8, Clause 1.

The power to impeach and remove federal officials, including the President, for high crimes and misdemeanors. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 2, Clause 5; Article I, Section 3, Clauses 6 and 7.

The power to give advice and consent to various presidential appointments and to treaties made by the President, which must be ratified by a two-thirds vote. Constitutional basis: Article II, Section 2, Clause 2.

The power to establish uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States. Constitutional basis: Article I, Section 8, Clause 4.