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Political Science Theories
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Public Choice Theory
James Buchanan and Gordon Tullock. Description: Applies economic principles to the study of political processes and behavior.
Modernization Theory
Walt Rostow and others. Description: Portrays the process of social change whereby developing countries move from traditional to modern societies.
Pluralism
Robert Dahl and others. Description: Suggests power is distributed among various groups in society, and that these groups compete for influence over public policy.
Structural Functionalism
Talcott Parsons and others. Description: Argues that society is a complex system with various parts that work together to promote solidarity and stability.
Realism
Hans Morgenthau and others. Description: A view of international politics that stresses its competitive and conflictual side.
Elitism
Vilfredo Pareto and others. Description: Claims that a small minority, consisting of members of the economic elite and policy-planning networks, holds the most power.
Feminism
Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Simone de Beauvoir, and others. Description: Explores the role gender plays in international politics and criticizes the traditionally male-dominated field.
Behavioralism
David Easton and others. Description: Focuses on the empirical and objective study of political behavior, often using statistical analysis.
Marxism
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Description: Analyzes political and economic conflicts resulting from the capitalist system, particularly class struggle and imperialism.
Rational Choice Theory
Anthony Downs. Description: Assesses how individuals make political decisions based on maximizing their own benefits.
Liberalism
John Locke and others. Description: Emphasizes the role of individuals, norms, and institutions to achieve cooperation and peace in international relations.
Environmental Determinism
Ellsworth Huntington and others. Description: Suggests that physical geography, particularly climate, shapes human behavior and culture, thus affecting societal development.
Constructivism
Alexander Wendt and others. Description: Asserts that international relations are socially constructed through communication, social norms, and collective identities.
Game Theory
John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern. Description: Uses mathematical models to study strategic decision making in situations of interdependence and competition.
Dependency Theory
Andre Gunder Frank and others. Description: Challenges the notion of modernization theory by arguing that underdevelopment is primarily caused by the peripheral position of poor countries in a world dominated by wealthier countries.
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