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Forms of Government

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Communism

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A classless system in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs. Examples: Cuba, North Korea.

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Socialism

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A political and economic theory of social organization which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole. Examples: Venezuela, Bolivia.

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Democracy

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A system of government where the citizens exercise power by voting. Examples: USA, India.

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Federalism

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A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units. Examples: USA, Germany.

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Theocracy

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A form of government in which a deity is officially recognized as the supreme ruling authority. Examples: Vatican City, Iran.

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Constitutional Monarchy

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A system of government in which a monarch shares power with a constitutionally organized government. Examples: Japan, Sweden.

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Oligarchy

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A form of power structure in which power rests with a small number of people. Examples: Russia, South Africa during Apartheid.

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Republic

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A representative democracy with elected officials. Examples: France, Argentina.

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Monarchy

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A form of government with a monarch at the head. Examples: United Kingdom, Saudi Arabia.

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Autocracy

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A system of government in which a single person possesses absolute power. Examples: Russia under Vladimir Putin, Belarus.

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Totalitarianism

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A political system where the state holds total authority over society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life. Examples: North Korea, Nazi Germany.

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Anarchy

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A society without a publicly enforced government or political authority. Examples: Utopian philosophical constructs, historical communes.

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