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1789-1797, Established many federal government precedents, including the cabinet system and the inaugural address.

1797-1801, First President to reside in the executive mansion, known for the Alien and Sedition Acts.

1801-1809, Principal author of the Declaration of Independence, Louisiana Purchase (1803).

1809-1817, 'Father of the Constitution', President during the War of 1812.

1817-1825, Monroe Doctrine declared opposition to European colonization in the Americas, Era of Good Feelings.

1825-1829, Notable for his post-presidency career in Congress, formulated the Monroe Doctrine as Secretary of State.

1829-1837, Implemented the Indian Removal Act, Founder of the modern Democratic Party.

1837-1841, The Panic of 1837 economic crisis occurred during his term, advocated for the Trail of Tears.

1841, First president to die in office, delivering the longest inaugural address in American history.

1841-1845, First vice president to assume presidency after the death of his predecessor, annexation of Texas.

1845-1849, Known for territorial expansion of the United States, Mexican-American War.

1849-1850, General in the Mexican-American War, died relatively early in his term.

1850-1853, Last Whig president, Compromise of 1850, including the Fugitive Slave Act.

1853-1857, Signed the Kansas-Nebraska Act, enforced the Fugitive Slave Act.

1857-1861, President prior to the Civil War, Dred Scott decision occurred during his tenure.

1861-1865, Led the United States through its Civil War, Emancipation Proclamation, Gettysburg Address.

1865-1869, First U.S. President to be impeached, opposed Radical Republicans' Reconstruction policies.

1869-1877, Commanding general during the Civil War, Enforcement Acts to combat the Ku Klux Klan.

1877-1881, Ended the Reconstruction era through the Compromise of 1877, initiated civil service reform.

1881, Assassinated after only 200 days in office, advocated for civil service reform.

1881-1885, Enacted the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, revised the U.S. Navy.

1885-1889, 1893-1897, Only president to serve two non-consecutive terms, Statue of Liberty dedication.

1889-1893, Sherman Antitrust Act and McKinley Tariff, Benjamin Harrison was known as the 'centennial president.'

1897-1901, President during the Spanish-American War, supported high protective tariffs.

1901-1909, Established national parks and the FDA, Panama Canal construction began during his term.

1909-1913, Focused on trust-busting and civil service reform, later became Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

1913-1921, Led the nation through World War I, established the Federal Reserve and Federal Trade Commission.

1921-1923, Harding's term saw the Teapot Dome scandal, often ranked as one of the worst presidents.

1923-1929, Known for his laissez-faire approach to the economy, presided over the Roaring Twenties.

1929-1933, Presidency marred by the onset of the Great Depression, signed the Smoot-Hawley Tariff.

1933-1945, Led the nation through the Great Depression and World War II, introduced the New Deal.

1945-1953, Authorized the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, initiated the Marshall Plan.

1953-1961, Supreme Allied Commander during WWII, initiated the Interstate Highway System.

1961-1963, President during the Cuban Missile Crisis, Bay of Pigs Invasion, initiated the Space Race.

1963-1969, Great Society legislation, Civil Rights Act of 1964, and escalated the Vietnam War.

1969-1974, First U.S. president to resign from office, opened diplomatic relations with China.

1974-1977, Healed the nation post-Watergate, granted Nixon a presidential pardon.

1977-1981, Brokered the Camp David Accords, created the Department of Energy and Education.

1981-1989, Reaganomics, End of the Cold War, survived an assassination attempt.

1989-1993, Led the nation during the Gulf War, signed the Americans with Disabilities Act.

1993-2001, Presided over the longest period of peacetime economic expansion, was impeached during his second term.

2001-2009, President during the September 11 attacks, led the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.

2009-2017, First African American president, Affordable Care Act, repealed 'Don't ask, don't tell'.

2017-2021, Impeached twice, Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, First president to meet with a North Korean leader.