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Important Urban Planning Legislation

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Smart Growth Policies (various years and localities)

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Promoted sustainable urban development by concentrating growth in compact urban centers to avoid sprawl and to create walkable neighborhoods.

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The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966

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Established the legal framework to preserve historic buildings, districts, and artifacts, significantly influencing urban landscapes by protecting cultural heritage.

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The Community Reinvestment Act of 1977

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Encouraged banks to meet the needs of borrowers in all segments of their communities, particularly in urban neighborhoods where lending was historically restricted.

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The Tax Reform Act of 1986

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Changed the tax treatment of investment in real estate, impacting urban development patterns by discouraging speculative real estate investment.

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The Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964

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Provided federal funding for public transportation projects, which led to the expansion and improvement of urban mass transit systems.

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Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

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Mandated that public spaces, including those in urban environments, be accessible to individuals with disabilities, affecting public transit, sidewalks, and building design.

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The Endangered Species Act of 1973

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Protected threatened and endangered species and their habitats, affecting urban development in areas where protected species were found.

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The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act of 2018

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Rolled back some provisions of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, affecting urban development by easing regulations on certain lenders.

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The Housing Act of 1949

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Initiated urban renewal programs, provided federal funding for slum clearance and redevelopment projects in cities.

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The Interstate Highway Act of 1956

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Facilitated suburban expansion and influenced the pattern of urban growth by increasing car dependency.

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The Fair Housing Act of 1968

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Prohibited discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing, influencing urban residential patterns by striving for a more integrated society.

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The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008

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Authorized the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) to address the subprime mortgage crisis, which impacted urban housing markets and development.

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The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990

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Aimed to reduce air pollution, which led to increased regulation of emissions that affected urban transportation and industry planning.

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The Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) Program of 1986

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Encouraged private investment in affordable rental housing for low-income households, affecting the availability and location of affordable housing in urban areas.

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The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010

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Reformed financial regulation to prevent a repeat of the 2008 financial crisis, impacting capital availability for urban development projects.

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