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Urban Sociology Concepts

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Social Stratification

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Describes the hierarchical arrangement of individuals and groups in societies, often based on factors like class, race, and gender. In urban studies, it's relevant for analyzing patterns of inequality and segregation within cities.

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Urban Anomie

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A state of normlessness or social instability in urban areas, caused by rapid changes or breakdowns in social bonds and community. The concept is relevant in urban sociology to study the effects of urban life on individuals' mental health and community cohesion.

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Urbanization

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The process by which large numbers of people become permanently concentrated in relatively small areas, forming cities. Relevant to urban studies as it explains the growth patterns and the transformation of rural areas into urban centers.

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New Urbanism

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An urban design movement promoting walkable neighborhoods containing a range of housing and job types. It influences urban sociology by advocating for the creation of livable and sustainable cities.

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Urban Sprawl

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Refers to the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into the adjoining countryside. It's significant in urban studies for addressing environmental concerns, and challenges in urban planning and sustainable development.

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Urban Inequality

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The unequal distribution of resources, services, and opportunities in urban areas. It's significant for urban sociology, as it examines the systemic factors contributing to the disparities among urban populations.

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Concentric Zone Model

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A model created by Ernest Burgess that explains urban social structures as a series of concentric circles emanating from the city center. For urban sociology, it is important for understanding historical patterns of urban growth.

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Urban Demography

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The study of the population dynamics of urban areas, including the size, structure, and distribution of populations. Urban demography is important for planners and policymakers in urban sociology to understand and address demographic challenges in cities.

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Urban Renewal

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A program of land redevelopment often used to address urban decay in cities. Urban renewal is important in urban sociology as it helps to understand the transformations and the impact on communities.

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Urban Governance

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The way in which a city is organized and managed, involving various stakeholders like government agencies, businesses, and citizens. Urban governance is essential to urban sociology for understanding how urban policy and decision-making affect urban life.

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Gentrification

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A process of neighborhood change characterized by the influx of wealthier individuals into deteriorating areas, leading to displacement of poorer residents and increasing property values. It's a critical concept in urban studies for examining socio-economic shifts within urban areas.

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Urban Political Economy

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A theoretical approach combining urban sociology and political economy to analyze the complex relationship between political and economic power in urban settings. It's important for understanding how these forces shape urban development.

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Urban Planning

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The technical and political process concerned with the development and design of land use and the built environment. Urban planning is central to urban sociology because it determines the layout and growth patterns of cities, affecting the lives of urban dwellers.

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Digital Urbanism

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The integration of digital technology into urban management and lifestyle. It's a growing field in urban sociology that investigates how technology transforms urban spaces and social interactions.

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Urban Ecology

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A subfield of urban sociology that studies the relationship between people and their urban environment, often using the ecological principles to explain urban social structures. It helps urban studies by understanding the adaptation of communities to the urban environment.

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Creative Class

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A socioeconomic class theorized by Richard Florida to be key to urban regeneration, consisting of individuals engaged in work that inherently involves creativity. This is significant in urban sociology, as it influences urban planning and economic development strategies.

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Urban Crime

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Criminal activities that occur in urban areas, often associated with urban decay and socioeconomic disparities. The study of urban crime is relevant in urban sociology for policy formulation and crime prevention strategies.

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Suburbanization

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The process of population movement from within cities to the outskirts, forming suburbs. This concept is crucial for urban sociology as it impacts urban form, family life, and sociodemographic changes.

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Ethnic Enclave

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A neighborhood, district, or suburb which retains some cultural distinction from a larger, surrounding area. Ethnic enclaves are important in urban sociology for studying processes of assimilation, multiculturalism, and social cohesion.

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Edge City

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A concentration of business, shopping, and entertainment outside a traditional urban area in what had previously been a suburban residential or rural area. The concept is relevant to urban studies in discussing the decentralization of urban areas.

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