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Basic Principles of Animal Nutrition
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Vitamins
Function: Immune function, reproduction, and metabolic processes. Sources: Varies per vitamin, but includes forages, grains, and supplements.
Minerals
Function: Bone formation, blood clotting, enzyme function. Sources: Mineral blocks, supplements, and forages.
Water
Function: Essential for life, central for metabolism and thermoregulation. Sources: Drinking water and moisture in feeds.
Carbohydrates
Function: Primary energy source. Sources: Grains, forages, and silages.
Fatty Acids
Function: Sources of energy, components of cell membranes. Sources: Animal fats, plant oils, seeds.
Trace Elements
Function: Essential for metabolic functions, often as part of enzymes. Sources: Trace mineral supplements, natural presence in forages and grains.
Proteins
Function: Growth, repair of body tissues, and immune function. Sources: Legumes, soybean meal, and fish meal.
Amino Acids
Function: Building blocks of proteins, vital for growth and repair. Sources: Animal and plant proteins, lysine and methionine supplements.
Enzymes
Function: Catalysts for biochemical reactions, important for digestion. Sources: Naturally present in animals and supplied exogenously in some feeds.
Fats
Function: Dense energy source, carries fat-soluble vitamins. Sources: Oilseeds, animal fats, and vegetable oils.
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