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Involves applying water to the soil surface without any form of pipe or sprinkler system, often relying on gravity and contours of the land. Ideal for large fields and areas with high water availability.

Delivers water directly to the base of the plant using a network of valves, pipes, tubing, and emitters. Highly efficient in water usage, ideal for high-value crops, and in water-scarce regions.

Emulates rain by spraying water through a system of pipes and sprinklers. Suitable for a wide range of crop types and soil conditions, except for very windy or excessively hot environments.

Water is applied in trenches (furrows) between crop rows. It's a form of surface irrigation suitable for row crops, accommodating uneven terrain and low-pressure water supply.

A type of sprinkler irrigation that involves a self-propelled system rotating around a pivot. Efficient for large, flat fields and reduces labor, but it can be expensive to install.

Includes several localized irrigation methods like drip, micro-spray, and bubbler systems. Highly water-efficient and precise, excellent for gardens, nurseries, and high-value crops.

Water is applied below the soil surface. This technique is suitable for minimizing evaporation and deep percolation losses, and it's beneficial in areas with high evaporation rates.