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Common Weeds and Control Methods

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Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)

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Identification: Trailing or climbing vine, small white or pink trumpet-shaped flowers. Control: Frequent tilling, glyphosate application, and maintaining competitive crops.

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Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)

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Identification: Tall, spike-like purple flower stalks, whorled leaves. Control: Biological controls such as leaf-eating beetles, manual removal, and herbicides.

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Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense)

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Identification: Spiny, lobed leaves, purple or white flower heads. Control: Repeated mowing or cultivation, selective herbicides like clopyralid, and maintaining thick vegetation cover.

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Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia trifida)

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Identification: Coarse, hairy stems, large three-lobed leaves. Control: Early cultivation, post-emergent herbicides, and ensuring tight crop rotations.

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Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)

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Identification: Bright yellow flower, deeply toothed leaves. Control: Hand pulling, herbicides, and promoting a dense turf to prevent spread.

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Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense)

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Identification: Large clumps, sorghum-like appearance, large plumose seed heads. Control: Systemic herbicides like glyphosate, sustained mowing, and crop rotation.

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Pigweed (Amaranthus spp.)

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Identification: Erect habit, spiny seed heads, can be red or green. Control: Deep tillage to bury seeds, crop rotation, and the use of pre-emergence herbicides.

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Common Lambsquarters (Chenopodium album)

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Identification: White powdery coating, diamond-shaped leaves. Control: Mulching, timely tillage, and selective herbicides.

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Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis)

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Identification: Grass-like, stems radiating from the center, finger-like seed heads. Control: Pre-emergent herbicides, proper lawn maintenance, and mowing at recommended height.

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Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

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Identification: Heart-shaped leaves, velvety texture, yellow-orange flowers. Control: Pre and post-emergence herbicides, mechanical control such as hand-pulling, and ensuring clean cultivation equipment.

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English Ivy (Hedera helix)

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Identification: Evergreen vine, waxy, lobed leaves, produces berries. Control: Manual removal including roots, applying glyphosate or triclopyr, and mulching to prevent regrowth.

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Buckthorn (Rhamnus spp.)

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Identification: Sub-shrub or small tree, oval or elliptical leaves, dark berries. Control: Manual removal including roots, cut-stump herbicide treatment, and promoting native plant growth.

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Kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata)

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Identification: Fast-growing vine, large compound leaves with three broad leaflets, purple flowers. Control: Continuous mowing or grazing, foliar herbicides, and biological controls like the kudzu bug.

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Nutsedge (Cyperus spp.)

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Identification: V-shaped stems, grass-like with triangular stems, produces nut-like tubers. Control: Proper drainage, selective herbicides like halosulfuron, and frequent cultivation.

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Quackgrass (Elymus repens)

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Identification: Grass-like with extensive rhizomes, blue-green leaves, wheat-like seed heads. Control: Regular mowing, rhizome removal, and post-emergence herbicides like glyphosate.

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