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Common Weeds and Control Methods
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Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)
Identification: Trailing or climbing vine, small white or pink trumpet-shaped flowers. Control: Frequent tilling, glyphosate application, and maintaining competitive crops.
Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)
Identification: Tall, spike-like purple flower stalks, whorled leaves. Control: Biological controls such as leaf-eating beetles, manual removal, and herbicides.
Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense)
Identification: Spiny, lobed leaves, purple or white flower heads. Control: Repeated mowing or cultivation, selective herbicides like clopyralid, and maintaining thick vegetation cover.
Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia trifida)
Identification: Coarse, hairy stems, large three-lobed leaves. Control: Early cultivation, post-emergent herbicides, and ensuring tight crop rotations.
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)
Identification: Bright yellow flower, deeply toothed leaves. Control: Hand pulling, herbicides, and promoting a dense turf to prevent spread.
Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense)
Identification: Large clumps, sorghum-like appearance, large plumose seed heads. Control: Systemic herbicides like glyphosate, sustained mowing, and crop rotation.
Pigweed (Amaranthus spp.)
Identification: Erect habit, spiny seed heads, can be red or green. Control: Deep tillage to bury seeds, crop rotation, and the use of pre-emergence herbicides.
Common Lambsquarters (Chenopodium album)
Identification: White powdery coating, diamond-shaped leaves. Control: Mulching, timely tillage, and selective herbicides.
Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis)
Identification: Grass-like, stems radiating from the center, finger-like seed heads. Control: Pre-emergent herbicides, proper lawn maintenance, and mowing at recommended height.
Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)
Identification: Heart-shaped leaves, velvety texture, yellow-orange flowers. Control: Pre and post-emergence herbicides, mechanical control such as hand-pulling, and ensuring clean cultivation equipment.
English Ivy (Hedera helix)
Identification: Evergreen vine, waxy, lobed leaves, produces berries. Control: Manual removal including roots, applying glyphosate or triclopyr, and mulching to prevent regrowth.
Buckthorn (Rhamnus spp.)
Identification: Sub-shrub or small tree, oval or elliptical leaves, dark berries. Control: Manual removal including roots, cut-stump herbicide treatment, and promoting native plant growth.
Kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata)
Identification: Fast-growing vine, large compound leaves with three broad leaflets, purple flowers. Control: Continuous mowing or grazing, foliar herbicides, and biological controls like the kudzu bug.
Nutsedge (Cyperus spp.)
Identification: V-shaped stems, grass-like with triangular stems, produces nut-like tubers. Control: Proper drainage, selective herbicides like halosulfuron, and frequent cultivation.
Quackgrass (Elymus repens)
Identification: Grass-like with extensive rhizomes, blue-green leaves, wheat-like seed heads. Control: Regular mowing, rhizome removal, and post-emergence herbicides like glyphosate.
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