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Agriculture

Organic Farming

Organic Crop Rotation Patterns

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Alliums (e.g., Onions, Garlic)

Suppress specific soil pathogens and pests, low nutrient requirement, aids in soil remediation

Herbs (e.g., Basil, Parsley)

Can act as companion plants, deter pests, and attract beneficial insects, often have low nutrient needs

Legumes (e.g., Beans, Peas)

Fix atmospheric nitrogen, reduce the need for synthetic fertilizers, improve soil structure

Cereals (e.g., Wheat, Barley)

Add organic matter to the soil, break disease cycles, good for weed control

Grains (e.g., Corn, Maize)

Contributes to soil organic matter, can be part of a nutrient-scavenging strategy, good to follow legumes

Green Manures (e.g., Clover, Alfalfa)

Improve soil fertility, suppress weeds, and provide habitat for beneficial insects

Leafy Greens (e.g., Spinach, Lettuce)

Quick to harvest, can be sown between other crops, light feeders, making them good for succession planting

Root Crops (e.g., Carrots, Beets)

Break up soil compaction, help in controlling weeds, reduces risk of disease carryover

Fallow

Allows soil to recover, can reduce weed pressure, aids in breaking disease and pest cycles

Mustards

Act as biofumigants, good green manure, can suppress some nematodes and weeds

Potatoes

Strongly break disease cycles, improve soil structure, help in weed control

Perennials (e.g., Asparagus, Rhubarb)

Reduce soil disturbance, provide long-term soil stability, can act as insectaries

Cover Crops (e.g., Rye, Buckwheat)

Prevent soil erosion, improve soil structure, enhance nutrient cycling

Flowers (e.g., Marigolds, Sunflowers)

Attract pollinators and natural predators of pests, aesthetic value, can reduce nematode populations

Brassicas (e.g., Broccoli, Cauliflower)

Suppress soil-borne pests and diseases, can improve soil structure, helps in biofumigation

Sorghum

Can be used as a bioenergy crop, adds significant biomass to the soil, effective in weed suppression

Soybeans

Fix nitrogen, can be used as a cash crop in organic systems, breaks cycles of cereal pests

Nightshades (e.g., Tomatoes, Eggplants)

Benefit from high organic matter soils, can be heavy feeders, susceptible to specific pests necessitating rotation

Cucurbits (e.g., Cucumber, Squash)

Effectively suppress weeds due to dense foliage, help in breaking pest cycles, heavy feeders that benefit from compost and manure

Solomon's Seal

Attract beneficial insects, good understory in permaculture systems, can endure shade

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