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Plant Diseases in Organic Farming
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Flashcards
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Early Blight (Tomato)
Use compost and mulch to improve plant health, prune or stake plants to improve air circulation, rotate crops to prevent disease buildup.
Powdery Mildew (Squash and Cucumbers)
Plant resistant varieties, use a foliar spray of baking soda and water, and ensure plants have enough space for air circulation.
Apple Scab
Plant scab-resistant apple varieties, regularly remove fallen leaves and debris, use sulfur sprays early in the season.
Late Blight (Potato and Tomato)
Plant resistant cultivars, apply copper-based fungicides, and water the plants at soil level to avoid wetting the foliage.
Peach Leaf Curl
Plant resistant varieties, apply organic fungicides like copper or lime sulfur during dormancy, and prune to improve air circulation.
Grape Downy Mildew
Use resistant grape varieties, apply organic fungicides such as copper sprays early in the season, and manage canopy to improve air flow.
Cucumber Mosaic Virus
Use virus-resistant plant varieties, control aphid vectors with organic insecticides, and remove and destroy infected plants promptly.
Root Rot (Various Plants)
Ensure proper drainage, avoid over-watering, and use compost to create healthy soil and strengthen plant roots.
Rust (Beans and Peas)
Plant resistant varieties, avoid overhead watering, and practice crop rotation to prevent disease build-up.
Bacterial Wilt (Cucurbits)
Use wilt-resistant varieties, control cucumber beetles that spread the disease, and destroy infected plants to prevent spread.
Verticillium Wilt
Select disease-resistant plant varieties, practice crop rotation, and increase soil organic matter with compost.
Anthracnose (Many Fruits)
Pruning to improve air circulation, applying organic fungicides like neem oil or copper sprays, and cleaning up plant debris to reduce spore loads.
Black Spot (Roses)
Plant resistant rose varieties, ensure ample spacing for good air circulation, and use a baking soda or neem oil spray for prevention.
Fire Blight (Apples and Pears)
Prune out infected branches well below visible symptoms, avoid high nitrogen fertilizers, plant resistant varieties.
Fusarium Wilt (Tomatoes)
Use resistant tomato varieties, avoid planting in contaminated soil, add beneficial nematodes to soil to reduce pathogen levels.
Clubroot (Brassicas)
Raise soil pH by lime application, rotate crops, and use resistant varieties.
Potato Scab
Maintain soil pH around 5.2 to make the environment less hospitable to scab-causing bacteria, rotate crops, and cultivate scab-resistant potato varieties.
Common Bean Rust
Select rust-resistant bean varieties, practice good sanitation to remove infected plant debris, apply copper sprays to manage outbreaks.
Powdery Mildew (Roses)
Plant mildew-resistant roses, provide good air circulation through proper spacing, apply organic fungicides like sulfur or baking soda sprays.
Bacterial Canker (Stone Fruits)
Prune during dry weather to avoid spreading the bacteria, plant resistant varieties, and apply fixed copper during the dormant season.
Pierce's Disease (Grapes)
Grow grape varieties resistant to Pierce's disease, manage leafhopper populations through organic means, and remove diseased vines promptly.
Tomato Mosaic Virus
Use virus-free seeds, disinfect garden tools regularly, and avoid handling plants when they are wet to reduce spread.
Sooty Mold (Various Plants)
Control the insect pests that excrete honeydew (the mold grows on), improve air circulation, and regularly wash plants to remove mold.
Armillaria Root Rot
Remove and destroy infected woody material, ensure good drainage, avoid deep planting, and maintain tree vigor with proper cultural practices.
Botrytis Blight (Gray Mold)
Increase air circulation around plants, avoid overhead watering, and remove any infected plant parts immediately.
Bacterial Spot (Tomato and Pepper)
Plant resistant varieties, apply fixed copper bactericides sparingly, practice strict sanitation including removing plant debris.
White Mold (Sclerotinia)
Ensure proper plant spacing for air circulation, use a ground cover like straw to prevent spores from splashing onto plants, and remove infected plants immediately.
Citrus Canker
Grow windbreaks to reduce the spread by rain and wind, prune infected areas during dry weather, and practice plant sanitation.
Phytophthora Blight (Vegetables)
Improve drainage and aeration in beds, use raised beds for sensitive crops, apply compost to enhance soil health and disease resistance.
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