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Key Characteristics: Use of computer technology to create or conceptualize sculptures. It can include 3D printing and virtual reality. Notable Sculptors: Michael Rees, Bathsheba Grossman, Casey Reas.

Key Characteristics: Art influenced by the impact of the internet on society. Often includes digital media, but can manifest in physical sculpture that reflects digital aesthetics. Notable Sculptors: Cory Arcangel, Petra Cortright, Artie Vierkant.

Key Characteristics: Art pieces with moving parts, powered by wind, motors, or human interaction. Notable Sculptors: Alexander Calder, Theo Jansen, Jean Tinguely.

Key Characteristics: Intersection of art and biological research, often using living organisms as a medium. Notable Sculptors: Eduardo Kac, Stelarc, Oron Catts.

Key Characteristics: Hybrid of sculpture and performance art where the sculpture involves a durational element with human interaction. Notable Sculptors: Marina Abramović, Chris Burden, Tino Sehgal.

Key Characteristics: Explores sensory experiences through light, volume, and scale. Often produces immersive environments. Notable Sculptors: James Turrell, Robert Irwin, Doug Wheeler.

Key Characteristics: Intense subjectivity and raw emotion, often with rough and dynamic brushstrokes. Sculpture aspect may include fragmented or distorted forms. Notable Sculptors: Jean-Michel Basquiat, Julian Schnabel, Anselm Kiefer.

Key Characteristics: Reduction to basic shapes and forms, absence of expressive content, use of industrial materials. Notable Sculptors: Donald Judd, Dan Flavin, Richard Serra.

Key Characteristics: Use of discarded or repurposed materials to create new sculpture. Focus is often on environmental sustainability and consumerism critique. Notable Sculptors: Willie Cole, Tim Noble & Sue Webster, Vic Muniz.

Key Characteristics: Artistic works that address the relationship between humans and nature, often created in natural settings using natural materials. Notable Sculptors: Andy Goldsworthy, Nils-Udo, Robert Smithson.

Key Characteristics: Sculptures found in public spaces, often with a social or political message. Works may be unauthorized and temporary. Notable Sculptors: Banksy, Space Invader, Slinkachu.