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The Human Figure in Sculpture
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Paleolithic Era
Stylized and exaggerated female forms, often with emphasis on fertility.
Baroque
Dramatic, dynamic poses, emotional expressiveness, and a sense of movement.
Ancient Roman
Realistic portraits and copies of Greek statues, with a preference for individualized and aged features in portraiture.
Gothic
S-curve stances, elongation of forms, delicate features; development of naturalism in religious figures.
Romanticism
Emphasis on emotion, individualism, and the glorification of nature and the past, often with heroic or dramatic themes.
Impressionism
Figures sometimes rendered with a sense of immediacy and movement, using light and color to define form rather than lines.
Byzantine
Stylized figures, loss of naturalism, and adherence to religious iconography and symbolism.
Ancient Greek - Archaic Period
Rigid posture, stylized hair, and the 'Archaic smile'; development of kouros and kore figures.
Rococo
Lighter, more playful and ornate, with elegant figures; less focus on grandeur and more on leisure.
Realism
Depiction of subjects as they appear in everyday life, without idealization, focused on the common man.
Renaissance
Revival of classical ideas and humanism, idealized proportions, contrapposto, and dynamic compositions.
Ancient Egyptian
Idealized and rigid figures with a canon of proportions emphasizing a pharaonic identity or divinity.
Ancient Greek - Classical Period
Idealized naturalistic figures, contrapposto stance, emphasis on anatomical perfection.
Neoclassical
Return to simplicity, order, and harmony of classical art, depicting figures with idealized beauty and calm nobility.
Romanesque
Stylization, with exaggerated proportions and gestures; figures often depicted in narrative reliefs.
Ancient Greek - Hellenistic Period
Increased naturalism and expression; dramatic poses, attention to details such as veins and muscles.
Contemporary
Varied; can range from hyperrealism to abstraction, often focusing on themes of identity, society, and politics.
Expressionism
Distorted figures for emotional effect, with a focus on conveying inner turmoil or intense emotion.
Surrealism
Irrational imagery with dream-like scenes; figures can be whimsical, grotesque or juxtaposed in unusual ways.
Art Nouveau
Stylization with flowing lines, organic forms, and often incorporating floral and other natural elements.
Abstract Expressionism
The human figure is often not depicted realistically, but rather through abstract forms and gestural marks.
Cubism
Figures are fragmented and reassembled in abstract form, emphasizing geometric shapes and multiple perspectives.
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