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Welding is a process of fusing metal pieces together using heat. It allows for large, durable sculptures but requires safety precautions and skill.

Assemblage is a technique where objects or materials are compiled and attached together. It often involves found objects and can bring a collage effect to sculpture.

Clay is a malleable material which can be shaped and later fired in a kiln to create terracotta works. It's widely used for preliminary model making.

Bronze is a metal alloy often used in the traditional method of lost-wax casting and is known for its strength and ability to capture fine details.

Marble is a metamorphic rock that has been used for centuries. It is favored for its smooth texture and ability to hold fine details, but is also fragile and heavy.

Electronic sculptures incorporate elements like lights, sensors, and motors. They interact with viewers and environments and require electrical knowledge.

Ice sculpting involves carving frozen water, typically using chainsaws and chisels. It is a transient form of art that melts away and is often seen at events.

Ceramics involve shaping and firing clay at high temperatures, resulting in objects that are both decorative and functional, and can range from the rustic to the highly intricate.

Plaster is a versatile sculpting material often used for casting and molding. It sets quickly to a hard, paintable surface, and captures fine details.

Glass is shaped by blowing, casting, or cutting. It offers unique transparency and color possibilities but is delicate and requires high temperatures to mold.

Sand sculptures are temporary, made by compressing and carving wet sand. They showcase the artist’s ability to manipulate a granular and ephemeral medium.

Fiberglass is a strong, lightweight material made from glass fibers and is often used for creating large-scale sculptures and installations.

Textile sculptures are made from fabric and often involve techniques such as sewing, weaving, and embroidery, allowing for flexibility and softness in form.

Stone carving involves removing stone material using tools like hammers and chisels. It's a subtractive process that's both durable and permanent.

Forging is a technique involving the shaping of metal using localized compressive forces, typically hammer blows. Forged sculptures are known for their strength.

3D printing allows for the creation of sculptures by layering materials based on digital models. It offers precision and complexity with the flexibility of modifying designs.

Wood carving is a classic technique wherein sculptors remove areas of the material using tools such as chisels and mallets. Wood grain direction is critical.

Kinetic sculptures have moving parts or are designed to move with environmental interaction, such as wind. They emphasize the beauty of motion and change over time.

Casting involves pouring liquid material (like bronze or plaster) into a mold, where it solidifies. Ideal for making multiple copies of a work.