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Moons of the Planets

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Io

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Orbiting planet: Jupiter, Key features: Most geologically active body in the solar system with over 400 active volcanoes, Unique characteristics: Has a thin atmosphere composed mostly of sulfur dioxide.

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Callisto

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Orbiting planet: Jupiter, Key features: Heavily cratered icy surface, Unique characteristics: Considered the most heavily cratered object in the solar system.

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Umbriel

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Orbiting planet: Uranus, Key features: Dark, ancient, and cratered surface, Unique characteristics: Its most prominent feature is a ring of bright material on the floor of the crater Wunda.

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Tethys

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Orbiting planet: Saturn, Key features: Known for its high albedo, indicating a water-ice surface, Unique characteristics: Home to a massive canyon system called Ithaca Chasma and a large impact crater named Odysseus.

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Europa

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Orbiting planet: Jupiter, Key features: Icy surface with a subsurface ocean, Unique characteristics: Strong evidence points to the existence of a water ocean beneath its icy crust, possibly harboring extraterrestrial life.

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Triton

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Orbiting planet: Neptune, Key features: Retrograde, highly inclined orbit, Unique characteristics: Geologically active with cryovolcanism, and has geysers believed to spout liquid nitrogen.

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Oberon

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Orbiting planet: Uranus, Key features: Largest moon of Uranus, Unique characteristics: Shows signs of old impact cratering and possible cryovolcanic activity.

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Rhea

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Orbiting planet: Saturn, Key features: Second-largest moon of Saturn, Unique characteristics: Has a thin oxygen and carbon dioxide atmosphere and may have a tenuous ring system.

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Iapetus

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Orbiting planet: Saturn, Key features: Unique two-toned coloration, Unique characteristics: Has a very slow rotation and a mountainous equatorial ridge.

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Miranda

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Orbiting planet: Uranus, Key features: Known for its extreme geological activity with varied terrain, Unique characteristics: Has one of the highest known cliff faces in the solar system, called Verona Rupes.

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Charon

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Orbiting planet: Pluto, Key features: Half the size of Pluto, making it a large satellite relative to its parent body, Unique characteristics: Engaged in a mutual tidal locking with Pluto.

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Mimas

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Orbiting planet: Saturn, Key features: Resembles the Death Star due to its large crater, Herschel, Unique characteristics: The impact that caused the Herschel crater might have nearly shattered Mimas.

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Deimos

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Orbiting planet: Mars, Key features: Smaller and more distant of Mars' two moons, Unique characteristics: Has a smoother appearance compared to Phobos, with less pronounced craters and features.

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Ganymede

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Orbiting planet: Jupiter, Key features: Largest moon in the solar system, Unique characteristics: Only moon known to have its own magnetic field.

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Titania

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Orbiting planet: Uranus, Key features: Heavily cratered with large canyons and fault valleys, Unique characteristics: Known for having a surface covered in small, bright impact craters.

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Enceladus

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Orbiting planet: Saturn, Key features: Known for its geysers spewing water and ice, Unique characteristics: Has a subsurface saline ocean that may be a hospitable environment for microbial life.

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Ariel

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Orbiting planet: Uranus, Key features: Has the brightest and youngest surface of Uranus' moons, Unique characteristics: Features intersecting valleys and ridges indicating geological activity after formation.

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Dione

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Orbiting planet: Saturn, Key features: Characterized by bright icy cliffs and a wispy terrain of ice cliffs and fractures, Unique characteristics: Has a transient atmosphere that contains oxygen ions.

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Phobos

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Orbiting planet: Mars, Key features: Larger and closer of Mars' two moons, Unique characteristics: Potentially a captured asteroid; it orbits so close to Mars that it will eventually either crash into the planet or break apart.

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Titan

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Orbiting planet: Saturn, Key features: Thick atmosphere primarily composed of nitrogen, Unique characteristics: Only other place in the solar system besides Earth known to have stable bodies of surface liquid.

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