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Spacecraft Parts and Functions
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Antennas
Enable communication between spacecraft and Earth, allowing for data transmission and command reception. Essential for mission control.
Onboard Computer
Acts as the brain of the spacecraft, controlling systems, processing data, and managing navigation. Imperative for autonomous operations and decision-making.
Fuel Tanks
Store propellant needed for the thrusters. A spacecraft's capacity to maneuver and its mission duration are limited by its fuel supply.
Science Instruments
Gather data from the spacecraft's target of study, which may include planetary surfaces, atmospheres, and astronomical objects. They are the primary tools for achieving mission objectives.
Radiators
Disperse excess heat from the spacecraft to prevent overheating of instruments and systems. Critical for thermal management.
Reaction Wheels
Serve to control the orientation or attitude of the spacecraft without using fuel. Fundamental for stabilizing and pointing the spacecraft.
Solar Panels
Capture energy from the Sun to provide electrical power for the spacecraft systems. Crucial for long-duration missions to maintain onboard operations.
Thrusters
Used for maneuvering the spacecraft and altering its trajectory or orientation. Vital for precise positioning in space and for orbital insertion or departure.
Landing Gear
Used for safe touchdown on planetary surfaces or other celestial bodies. Key for missions that require surface exploration or sample return.
Heat Shield
Protects the spacecraft against extreme temperatures during atmospheric entry. It is essential for ensuring the survival of the craft and its payload.
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