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Mountain Ranges of the World
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Himalayas
Location: Asia; Notable peaks: Mount Everest, K2; Geological history: Formed by the collision of the Indo-Australian Plate with the Eurasian Plate.
Andes
Location: South America; Notable peaks: Aconcagua, Ojos del Salado; Geological history: Result of the subduction of the Nazca Plate beneath the South American Plate.
Rocky Mountains
Location: North America; Notable peaks: Mount Elbert, Mount Robson; Geological history: Formed during the Laramide orogeny, when plates pushed the land upwards.
Alps
Location: Europe; Notable peaks: Mont Blanc, Matterhorn; Geological history: Uplifted by the collision of the African and Eurasian tectonic plates.
Hindu Kush
Location: Central Asia; Notable peaks: Tirich Mir, Mount Noshaq; Geological history: Formed by the subduction of the Indian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate.
Urals
Location: Russia; Notable peaks: Mount Narodnaya, Mount Karpinsky; Geological history: One of the oldest mountain ranges, formed around 250-300 million years ago.
Appalachian Mountains
Location: Eastern North America; Notable peaks: Mount Mitchell, Clingmans Dome; Geological history: Formed over 480 million years ago and eroded down to their current height.
Great Dividing Range
Location: Australia; Notable peaks: Mount Kosciuszko, Mount Bogong; Geological history: Formed by a mixture of volcanic activity and tectonic uplift millions of years ago.
Atlas Mountains
Location: Northwestern Africa; Notable peaks: Toubkal, Ouanoukrim; Geological history: Formed by the collision of the African and Eurasian tectonic plates.
Carpathians
Location: Central and Eastern Europe; Notable peaks: Gerlach Peak, Moldoveanu Peak; Geological history: Uplifted during the Alpine orogeny, which was a process of mountain-building in Europe.
Caucasus Mountains
Location: Eurasia; Notable peaks: Mount Elbrus, Dykh-Tau; Geological history: Formed by tectonic plate interactions between the Arabian Plate moving northwards against the Eurasian Plate.
Alaska Range
Location: North America; Notable peaks: Denali (Mount McKinley), Mount Foraker; Geological history: Formed by the subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the North American Plate.
Sierra Nevada
Location: North America; Notable peaks: Mount Whitney, Mount Williamson; Geological history: Uplifted by the subduction of the oceanic Juan de Fuca Plate beneath the North American Plate.
Southern Alps
Location: New Zealand; Notable peaks: Mount Cook, Mount Tasman; Geological history: Formed by the collision of the Pacific Plate and the Indo-Australian Plate.
Transantarctic Mountains
Location: Antarctica; Notable peaks: Mount Kirkpatrick, Mount Erebus; Geological history: Formed during the Permian period through a series of faulting and folding processes.
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