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Ecosystem Services Types
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Pollination
Examples: Flowering plants pollinated by bees, butterflies, and other insects. Benefits: Pollination is essential for the production of fruits, vegetables, and seeds, contributing to food security and biodiversity.
Cultural Services
Examples: Recreational experiences, spiritual enrichment, cognitive development. Benefits: These services provide non-material benefits that enrich human life culturally, psychologically, and spiritually.
Soil Erosion Control
Examples: Vegetative cover on soil, root systems stabilize soil structure. Benefits: Prevents soil degradation and loss, maintains soil fertility, and allows for sustainable agriculture.
Climate Regulation
Examples: Forests absorb carbon dioxide, oceans regulate temperature. Benefits: These processes help stabilize the climate, which is crucial for weather pattern consistency and ecosystem health.
Provisioning Services
Examples: Food, fresh water, wood, and fiber. Benefits: These are the products obtained from ecosystems which support basic human needs and economic production.
Regulating Services
Examples: Climate regulation, disease control, water purification. Benefits: These services help to regulate environmental conditions, making the planet habitable and reducing natural disasters.
Habitat Services
Examples: Natural areas that provide breeding, feeding, and nursery spaces for species. Benefits: Maintaining habitats ensures biodiversity and species survival, which is crucial for ecosystem resilience and human well-being.
Water Regulation
Examples: Wetlands absorb excess rainwater, mangroves protect against storm surges. Benefits: These ecosystems help mitigate floods and droughts, reduce soil erosion, and protect coastal areas.
Supporting Services
Examples: Soil formation, nutrient cycling, primary production. Benefits: These services are necessary for the production of all other ecosystem services, sustaining the Earth's life-support systems.
Waste Decomposition
Examples: Decomposition of organic material by bacteria, fungi, and detritivores. Benefits: This process recycles nutrients, making them available for new growth and reducing the buildup of waste products.
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